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SARS-CoV-2 induces the expression of inflammatory cytokines in cultured macrophages. The mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were measured by RT-PCR. The data indicate the mean ± SD (n = 5) fold change against the blank group (x basal), and the asterisks indicate statistically significant differences such that * p <0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with the blank group.
