Skip to main content
. 2022 Dec 25;12(1):154. doi: 10.3390/jcm12010154

Table 1.

Predisposing and precipitating conditions of spontaneous coronary artery dissection adapted from [18].

Predisposing Conditions Precipitating Conditions
Disorders of the connective tissue:
  • -

    Fibromuscular dysplasia

  • -

    Marfan syndrome

  • -

    Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

  • -

    Cystic necrosis of the media

  • -

    Systemic inflammation

  • -

    Systemic lupus erythematosus

  • -

    Rheumatoid arthritis

  • -

    Churg-Strauss syndrome

  • -

    Chron’s disease

  • -

    Polyarteritis nodosa

  • -

    Sarcoidosis

  • -

    Pregnancy

  • -

    Prepartum (within 6 weeks of delivery)

  • -

    Postpartum with late occurrence (from 6 weeks to 12 months from childbirth)

  • -

    Postpartum with very late occurrence (12 to 24 months from childbirth)

Coronary spasm		 Intense physical exercise (isometric or aerobic activity)
Intense emotional stress
Childbirth and labor of childbirth
Intense Valsalva-like activity (retching, vomiting, coughing, bowel movements)
Drugs (cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines)
Hormonal therapies (injection of β-chorionic gonadotropins, corticosteroid injections)

SCAD: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection.