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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
(a) The upconverted nanoparticles (donor fluorophore) are affected by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of AuNPs. (b) The FRET effect enhances the absorption of the excitation source, and the Purcell effect enhances the emission intensity.