Table 2.
Demographic and ocular data characterized by the number of glaucoma agents.
| Variable | Overall N = 2361 |
2nd agent N = 201 |
3rd agent N = 411 |
4th agent N = 781 |
5th agent N = 771 |
6th+ agent N = 201 |
p value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||||
| Female sex, N (%) | 125 (53) | 15 (75) | 25 (61) | 40 (51) | 35 (45) | 10 (50) | 0.14 |
| Age | |||||||
| Mean ± SD | 71.6 ± 14.2 | 72.2 ± 14.6 | 74.9 ± 12.6 | 71.3 ± 14.8 | 70.9 ± 13.8 | 68.3 ± 16.4 | 0.34 |
| Range | 10–98 | 30–94 | 34–94 | 10–97 | 13–97 | 31–98 | |
| Ethnicity, N (%) | 0.60 | ||||||
| White | 165 (70) | 13 (65) | 27 (66) | 58 (74) | 53 (69) | 14 (70) | |
| Black | 23 (9.7) | 2 (10) | 1 (2.4) | 8 (10) | 11 (14) | 1 (5.0) | |
| Asian | 16 (6.8) | 7 (17) | 4 (5.1) | 4 (5.2) | 1 (5.0) | ||
| Hispanic | 7 (3.0) | 1 (5.0) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (5.0) | |
| Other | 25 (10.6) | 4 (20) | 5 (11.9) | 6 (7.6) | 7 (9.1) | 3 (15) | |
| Glaucoma stage, N (%) | 0.033 | ||||||
| Indeterminate | 19 (8.0) | 3 (15) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9.0) | 6 (7.8) | ||
| Mild | 31 (13) | 7 (35) | 3 (7.3) | 8 (10) | 8 (10) | 5 (25) | |
| Moderate | 54 (23) | 5 (25) | 14 (34) | 16 (21) | 14 (18) | 5 (25) | |
| Severe | 132 (56) | 5 (25) | 21 (51) | 47 (60) | 49 (64) | 10 (50) | |
| Glaucoma type, N (%) | 0.38 | ||||||
| Primary open-angle | 150 (64) | 15 (75) | 28 (68) | 49 (63) | 47 (61) | 11 (55) | |
| Pseudoexfoliative | 28 (12) | 2 (10) | 3 (7.3) | 10 (13) | 11 (14) | 2 (10) | |
| Mixed mechanism | 20 (8.5) | 1 (5) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9) | 6 (7.8) | 3 (15) | |
| Normal tension | 11 (4.7) | 1 (5) | 3 (7.3) | 6 (7.7) | 1 (1.3) | ||
| Chronic angle-closure | 10 (4.2) | 3 (3.8) | 6 (7.8) | 1 (5) | |||
| Pigmentary | 4 (1.7) | 2 (4.9) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | |||
| Uveitic | 3 (1.3) | 1 (5) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | |||
| Ocular hypertension | 3 (1.3) | 2 (4.9) | 1 (1.3) | ||||
| Aphakic | 2 (0.8) | 2 (2.6) | |||||
| Congenital | 2 (0.8) | 2 (2.6) | |||||
| Steroid | 2 (0.8) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (5.0) | ||||
| Neovascular | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.3) | |||||
| Prior surgery | 105 (44) | 6 | 22 | 32 | 37 | 8 | 0.021 |
| Phaco | 89 (85) | 3 (50) | 17 (77) | 28 (88) | 36 (97) | 5 (62) | |
| Trabeculectomy | 11 (10) | 2 (33) | 4 (18) | 3 (9.4) | 1 (2.7) | 1 (12) | |
| Tube shunt | 3 (2.9) | 1 (17) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (12) | |||
| MIGS | 2 (1.9) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (12) | ||||
| Prior laser | 84 | 4 | 15 | 25 | 31 | 9 | 0.51 |
| Laser trabeculoplasty | 61 (73) | 4 (100) | 12 (80) | 18 (72) | 19 (61) | 8 (89) | |
| CPC/ECP | 15 (18) | 1 (6.7) | 4 (16) | 9 (29) | 1 (11) | ||
| Iridotomy | 8 (9.5) | 2 (13) | 3 (12) | 3 (9.7) | 0 (0) | ||
| Responder type, N (%) | 0.74 | ||||||
| Nonresponder | 40 (17) | 3 (15) | 7 (17) | 10 (13) | 18 (23) | 2 (10) | |
| Initial responder | 65 (28) | 6 (30) | 10 (24) | 20 (26) | 23 (30) | 6 (30) | |
| Long-term responder | 73 (31) | 7 (35) | 14 (34) | 24 (31) | 23 (30) | 5 (25) | |
| Robust long-term responder | 41 (17) | 4 (20) | 7 (17) | 17 (22) | 7 (9.1) | 6 (30) | |
| Super responder | 17 (7.2) | 3 (7.3) | 7 (9.0) | 6 (7.8) | 1 (5.0) | ||
| Baseline IOP (mmHg) | |||||||
| Mean ± SD | 18.2 ± 5.2 | 17.5 ± 5.6 | 17.2 ± 4.1 | 17.9 ± 5.3 | 18.7 ± 5.5 | 20.1 ± 4.8 | 0.088 |
| IOP category, N (%) | 0.63 | ||||||
| Low (IOP < 15) | 55 (23) | 6 (30) | 9 (22) | 22 (28) | 17 (22) | 1 (5.0) | |
| Medium (15 ≤ IOP < 20) | 108 (46) | 9 (45) | 22 (54) | 32 (41) | 35 (45) | 10 (50) | |
| High (20 ≤ IOP < 25) | 47 (20) | 3 (15) | 7 (17) | 18 (23) | 14 (18) | 5 (25) | |
| Very high (IOP ≥ 25) | 26 (11) | 2 (10) | 3 (7.3) | 6 (7.7) | 11 (14) | 4 (20) |
SD = standard deviation; IOP = intraocular pressure; phaco = cataract surgery; MIGS = microinvasive glaucoma surgery; CPC/ECP = diode cyclophotocoagulation/endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation. 1mean (SD); (min-max); median for numerical variables; (% missing), or frequency (%); (% missing) for categorical variables. 2Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test. Pearson's Chi-squared test.