Central Illustration.

Choice of Anticoagulant Agents According to Patient Characteristics

Most of the recommendations were based on randomized controlled trials or their subgroup analyses and international guidelines. A few of them were based on data from real-world evidence (RWE) or indirect evidence. Modified with permission from Lip et al.⁹² ∗Type 2 valvular heart diseases were defined previously by a European consensus,⁹³ including all valvular heart diseases but excluding mechanical valves and moderate to severe mitral stenosis. A = apixaban; AF = atrial fibrillation; CKD = chronic kidney disease; CrCl = creatinine clearance; D = dabigatran; E = edoxaban; NOAC = non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; OAC = oral anticoagulant agent; R = rivaroxaban; RCT = randomized controlled trial; Ref = reference; TIA = transient ischemic attack; VKA = vitamin K antagonist.