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. 2022 Dec 27;15(1):122. doi: 10.3390/nu15010122

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Meta-analysis and subgroup meta-analyses of the effects of lycopene on fasting blood glucose (FBG): (a) all included studies (n = 11 trial arms), (b) RCT-P (n = 8 trial arms), (c) not RCT-P (n = 3 studies), (d) diabetes mellitus subjects (n = 2 studies), and (e) not diabetes mellitus subjects (n = 9 trial arms). The green squares represent the standardized mean difference in each study. The black diamonds represent the pooled effects in each meta-analysis. RCT-P, randomized controlled parallel trial; Std., standardized; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; CI, confidence interval [36,37,39,41,42,44,45,46,47,49].