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. 2022 Dec 30;15(1):179. doi: 10.3390/nu15010179

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Meta-analysis for mean weight change with or without chatting online using 4 articles [18,21,48,51]. The forest plot shows standardized mean differences (SMD) for each article with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The diamond at the bottom of the graph means the meta-analyzed measure of effect and the lateral points of which indicate CIs for this estimate. A negative value reflects web-based interventions with online chat aren’t more effective for weight loss than web-based interventions without online. The area of each green square is proportional to the study's weight in the meta-analysis.