Figure 3.

Influence of aqueous medium on % solubility of nano metal-oxides at a 100 mg/L initial concentration (<LOD = below the limit of detection). Extraction time was 24 h (grey, water; blue, Gamble; red, DMEM; yellow, PSF), and pH = 4.5 for PFS, 7.4 for DMEM and Gamble, and 7.8, 6.3, and 4.6 for ZnO, MnO₂, and CeO₂, respectively, in water. For a given metal-oxide, values followed by the same letter are not statistically different at α = 0.05. See Table S8 for standard deviations and Table S9B for results of statistical tests.