Table 3.

Subgroup analysis by training status and distance on the effect of the caffeine ingestion on endurance running time trials.

Subgroup	Grouping Criteria	Number of Studies	g	95%CI	p	I 2
Training status	Recreational	10	−0.082	[−0.190, 0.027]	0.141	0%
	Trained	12	−0.140	[−0.295, 0.014]	0.075	0%
Distance	Middle-distance	14	−0.083	[−0.187, 0.020]	0.114	0%
	Long-distance	8	−0.151	[−0.324, 0.023]	0.089	0%