Tensile strength measurements of the Alg, CMC, and PAAm-based conductive hydrogels. (a) The graph shows the tensile stress-strain curves (inset image scale bar = 2 cm) of the Alg, CMC, and PAAm-based conductive hydrogels (n = 3). (b) Toughness of the Alg, CMC, and PAAm-based conductive hydrogels (c) Young’s moduli of the Alg, CMC, and PAAm-based conductive hydrogels. (d) Cyclic stretching data (10 times) of “CMC/PAAm” and STICH. (e) Young’s moduli on the log scale of the Alg, CMC, and PAAm-based conductive hydrogels, brain, and PDMS. (“PAAm”, black; “Alg/PAAm”, green; “CMC/PAAm”, red; and “Alg/CMC/PAAm”, the STICH, blue).