Table 1.
Basic information about the literature included in this analysis
| First author | Sampling year | Publication year | Country | Sample size | No. positive | Assay method | Positive threshold | Age range | Group factors | Language | AHRQ score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVA6 | |||||||||||
| Li Wei Ang | 2008-2010 | 2015 | Singapore | 700 | 439 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | 1-17y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| FanGao | 2012 | 2016 | China | 180 | 75 | CPE | ≥1:8 | 6-35m | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Rui Zhu | 2016 | 2018 | China | 515 | 203 | Microneutralization test | ≥ 1:16 | 5m-83y | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Fan Gao | 2012-2014 | 2018 | China | 181 | 74 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | 6-35m | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Dan Song | 2016~2019 | 2020 | China | 171 | 107 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age | CHN | 8 |
| C. Q. Hoang | 2014 | 2020 | Southern Vietnam | 336 | 106 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Fan Gao | 2018 | 2021 | China | 488 | 298 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:8 | 2-83m | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Everlyn Kamau | 2006, 2011, 2017 | 2021 | United Kingdom | 1508 | 1220 | Microneutralization test | ≥ 1:16 | All ages | Age | ENG | 7 |
| EV-A71 | |||||||||||
| Ceyla M.O. CASTRO | 1998-2001 | 2005 | Brazil | 389 | 222 | Neutralization test | 1:8 | 0-15y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Fan Gao | 2018 | 2021 | China | 401 | 127 | Neutralization test | 1:8 | 2-83 m | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Chun-Yi Lu | 1994-1999 | 2002 | China | 1705 | 740 | Microneutralization assay | 1:8 | All ages | Age, year | ENG | 8 |
| Luan-Yin Chang | 1992 | 2002 | China | 539 | 242 | Neutralizing antibody test | ≥8 | All ages | Age | ENG | 9 |
| Shili Zhou | 1999- 2003 | 2007 | China | 584 | 207 | ELISA | OD450 | All ages | Age | CHN | 7 |
| Xuebin Guo | 2005 | 2009 | China | 371 | 164 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 1-6y | Age | CHN | 7 |
| Shu-Ting Luo | 2006- 2008 | 2009 | China | 618 | 158 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 0-6 m | Age | ENG | 7 |
| MAO Qun-ying | 2007-2009 | G | China | 399 | 159 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 0-6 m | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Dongxiao Zhang | 2011 | 2011 | China | 382 | 257 | ELISA | ≥0.16 | 0-59y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Shengcang Zhao | 2009 | 2011 | China | 181 | 68 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 1-6y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Ruiling Guo | 2009 | 2011 | China | 856 | 546 | ELISA | OD450 | 0-15y | Age, sex | CHN | 6 |
| Qiang Ding | 2010 | 2011 | China | 420 | 178 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 0-15y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Lu Kuang | 2010 | 2011 | China | 819 | 239 | ELISA | OD450/630 | 0-14y | Age | CHN | 7 |
| Haiyang Yu | 2006–2007,2010 | 2011 | China | 472 | 247 | Microneutralization assay | ≥8 | 0-15y | Age, year | ENG | 7 |
| Hongbin Hou | 2010 | 2012 | China | 436 | 152 | ELISA | OD450 | 1m-28y | Age, sex | CHN | 7 |
| Jingmei Li | 2012 | 2012 | China | 528 | 241 | ELISA | A450 | 0-5y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Huiling Deng | 2010 | 2012 | China | 312 | 108 | ELISA | A450 | 1-4y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Feng-Cai Zhu | 2007 | 2012 | China | 715 | 404 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 0-38 m | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Mei Zeng | 2010~2011 | 2012 | China | 614 | 122 | Microneutralization assay | ≥8 | 0-5y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Hong Ji | 2010 | 2012 | China | 680 | 233 | Microneutralization assay | ≥8 | 0-15y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Wen-Chan Huang | 2006~2007 | 2012 | China | 228 | 36 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 2-5y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Hongxia Ni | 2011 | 2012 | China | 258 | 138 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | All ages | Age, region | ENG | 7 |
| Menghua Xu | 2010-2011 | 2012 | China | 201 | 111 | Microneutralization assay | CPE | All ages | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Miaosen Cai | 2012 | 2013 | China | 240 | 106 | ELISA | ≥0.16 | 3m-62y | Age | CHN | 6 |
| Wei Li | 2007~2009,2010 | 2013 | China | 1458 | 742 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 1-9y | Age, year | ENG | 9 |
| Wenguo Xu | 2006 | 2013 | China | 252 | 83 | Neutralizing antibody assay | ≥8 | 1-5y | Age | CHN | 7 |
| Xiaoqin Chen | 2010 | 2013 | China | 420 | 192 | Neutralizing antibody assay | ≥8 | 0-15y | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Ying Xiong | 2010 | 2013 | China | 1144 | 855 | Neutralizing antibody assay | ≥8 | all ages | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Xiang Wang | 2012 | 2014 | China | 391 | 335 | Neutralization tests | ≥10 | 18-71y | Age, gender, region | ENG | 9 |
| Yuling Xu | 2010-2012 | 2014 | China | 254 | 175 | Neutralizing antibody assay | ≥8 | 0-6y | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Juanjuan Gui | 2008~2012 | 2015 | China | 549 | 274 | Neutralization test | ≥8 | 0-20y | Age, year | ENG | 9 |
| Xiaoming Tu | 2010 | 2015 | China | 420 | 169 | ELISA | S/N≥2.1 | 0-20y | Age, gender, region | ENG | 9 |
| Fan Gao | 2012 | 2016 | China | 180 | 75 | Cytopathogenic effect (CPE) method | CPE | 6-35m | year | ENG | 6 |
| Paul F. Horwood | 2000-2011 | 2016 | China | 1707 | 1516 | Microneutralization assay | ≥1:8 | 2–15y | Age, year, region | ENG | 8 |
| Jian-xing Wang | 2010 | 2016 | China | 1378 | 1030 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age, gender, region | ENG | 8 |
| Chuanxi Fu | 2013~2014 | 2016 | China | 224 | 185 | Modified cytopathogenic effect assay | CPE | mother-infant | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Xingui Tian | 2014 | 2016 | China | 96 | 71 | Neutralization tests | ≥1:16 | 20–49y | Age, gender | ENG | 7 |
| Dingmei Zhang | 2014-2015 | 2017 | China | 197 | 117 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:8 | 1–5y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Jiayu Wang | 2014-2016 | 2018 | China | 1230 | 621 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:8 | 0–18y | Age, gender | ENG | 8 |
| Rui Zhu | 2016 | 2018 | China | 515 | 194 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:16 | 5m-83y | Age, district | ENG | 9 |
| Xianglin Wei | 2013-2018 | 2021 | China | 1066 | 705 | Neutralization assays | ≥1:16 | 2-36m | Age | ENG | 9 |
| Qunying Mao | 2004 | 2009 | China | 349 | 128 | Micro-CPE method | ≥1:8 | 7-30m | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Zhen Zhu | 2005 | 2010 | China | 900 | 288 | Neutralization assays | ≥1:8 | 5y | District | ENG | 8 |
| Jiameng Li | 2009 2010 | 2011 | China | 1611 | 1076 | Neutralization assays | ≥ 1: 4 | 0-50y | Age | CHN | 8 |
| Wen Zhu | 2011 | 2013 | China | 93 | 54 | Microneutralization test | ≥ 1: 8 | 0-8y | Age, gender | CHN | 8 |
| Hanna Honkanen | 1994-2010 | 2013 | Finland | 5686 | 2 | Neutralization assays | CPE | <11 | Age | ENG | 6 |
| Sabine Diedrich | 1997-2007 | 2009 | Germany | 436 | 263 |
Neutralization test |
≥ 1: 4 | 10m-75y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Holger F | 2006 | 2010 | Germany | 696 | 30 | Microneutralization test | ≥1:10 | ≥1y | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Mahsa Javadi | 2015 | 2021 | Iran | 547 | 310 | Neutralization assay | ≥1:16 | All ages | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Sol Kim | 2013-2018 | 2020 | Korea | 220 | 141 | Neutralization test | ≥1: 4 | 7m-15y | Age | ENG | 8 |
| NMN NikNadia | 1995~2012 | 2016 | Malaysia | 1425 | 932 | Neutralization test | ≥1: 8 | 1-12y | Age, year | ENG | 8 |
| Jing Li | 2017 | 2019 | China | 6513 | 4015 | qRT-PCR | - | All ages | Age, year | ENG | 8 |
| Sabine M.G. van der Sanden | 2010~2014 | 2016 | Netherlands | 122 | 50 | Neutralization test | ≥1:16 | ≥5 y | Age, year | ENG | 8 |
| Ludmila V. Akhmadishina | 2007~2008 | 2014 | Russia | 826 | 241 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | 1-5y | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Eng-Eong Ooi | 1996-1997 | 2002 | Singapore | 856 | 297 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | ≥12 y | Age | ENG | 8 |
| Li-Wei Ang | 2008-2010 | 2011 | Singapore | 1883 | 526 | Neutralization assay | ≥ 8 | 1-17y | Age, gender | ENG | 8 |
| C. Q. Hoang | 2014 | 2020 | Southern Vietnam | 84 | 40 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Huang | 2006-2007 | 2012 | China (Taiwan) | 228 | 36 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | 2-7y | Age, year | ENG | 7 |
| Fang-Lin Kuo | 2012-2013 | 2020 | China (Taiwan) | 553 | 301 | Neutralization test | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Piyada Linsuwanon | 2009-2012 | 2014 | Thailand | 1050 | 92 | ELISA | ≥1:8 | 0-54y | Age | ENG | 7 |
| Hatairat Lerdsamran | 2013 | 2018 | Thailand | 579 | 285 | Microneutralization assay | ≥1:10 | 0-60y | Age, year | ENG | 9 |
| Jiratchaya Puenpa | 2015-2020 | 2020 | Thailand | 100 | 19 | Microneutralization assay | ≥1:16 | 0-4y | Age, year | ENG | 9 |
| Everlyn Kamau | 2006,2011,2017 | 2021 | UK | 1558 | 1152 | Neutralization Assays | ≥1:8 | All ages | Age, year | ENG | 9 |
| Chau Bich Nguyen Tran | 2006-2007 | 2011 | Viet Nam | 1035 | 116 | Neutralization assay | CPE | 0-38y | Age | ENG | 7 |
m, month; y, year; ENG, English; CHN, Chinese