Table 3.
Sex-stratified associations between HF diagnosis (2002–2017) and risk of suicide death through 2018, Sweden.
| Time after HF diagnosis | HF cases | Controls | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suicide deaths, n (% of HF cases) | Suicide deaths, n (% of controls) | IRR (95% CI) | IRR (95% CI) | P | |
| Men | |||||
| <3 months | 31 (<0.1) | 63 (<0.1) | 5.17 (3.33, 8.04) | 4.47 (2.62, 7.62) | <0.001 |
| 3 to <12 months | 33 (<0.1) | 169 (<0.1) | 2.00 (1.37, 2.92) | 1.88 (1.25, 2.84) | 0.003 |
| ≥1 year | 230 (0.2) | 2,278 (0.2) | 1.19 (1.02, 1.40) | 1.12 (0.95, 1.32) | 0.19 |
| Women | |||||
| <3 months | 7 (<0.1) | 20 (<0.1) | 3.33 (1.32, 8.40) | 2.82 (1.11, 7.12) | 0.03 |
| 3 to <12 months | 15 (<0.1) | 51 (<0.1) | 3.06 (1.72, 5.46) | 2.07 (1.12, 3.80) | 0.02 |
| ≥1 year | 79 (0.1) | 527 (0.1) | 1.78 (1.37, 2.32) | 1.63 (1.21, 2.18) | 0.001 |
a
Adjusted for age, birth country, marital status, education, income, myocardial infarction, alcohol use disorder, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, and Charlson Comorbidity Index.
CI = confidence interval, IRR = incidence rate ratio