Table 3. Asthma–COPD overlap syndrome in association to demographic characteristics in 88 asthmatics with and without overlap syndrome. Results are given by univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses.
| Variable | Unadjusted | P value | adjusted | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||||
| Age | <49 | - | - | 0.004 | - | - | 0.025 |
| ≥49 | 3.77 | 1.53-9.27 | 3.53 | 1.07-11.63 | |||
| BMI | <27 | - | - | 0.039 | - | - | 0.092 |
| ≥27 | 2.54 | 1.04-6.16 | 3.45 | 0.81-14.65 | |||
| Gender | Male | - | - | 0.126 | - | - | - |
| Female | 2.05 | 0.81-5.18 | - | - | |||
| Marital status | Single | - | - | 0.322 | - | - | - |
| Married | 1.77 | 0.57-5.50 | - | - | |||
| Address | small City | - | - | ≤0.001 | - | - | 0.007 |
| Big City | 11.33 | 4.15-30.89 | 7.42 | 1.75-31.49 | |||
| Smoking | No | - | - | 0.072 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 2.33 | 0.92-5.89 | - | - | |||
| Heart disease | No | - | - | 0.343 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.71 | 0.56-5.22 | - | - | |||
| Eczema | No | - | - | 0.667 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.27 | 0.41-3.89 | - | - | |||
| Allergic rhinitis | No | - | - | 0.842 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.09 | 0.45-2.61 | - | - | |||
| GastroesophagealReflux disease | No | - | - | 0.042 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 3.25 | 1.04-10.12 | - | - | |||
| Rheumatic disease | No | - | - | 0.808 | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.18 | 0.29-4.75 | - | - | |||
| Yes | 5.12 | 0.57-45.82 | - | - | |||
| Psychiatric problems | No | - | - | 0.131 | - | - | |
| Yes | 2.24 | 0.78-6.41 | - | - | |||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OR, odds ratio.