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. 2023 Jan 9;8:15. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01285-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Myc regulates ribosome biogenesis. Myc directly regulates rRNA processing, ribosome assembly, translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and the early steps of mRNA translation. Myc upregulates the transcriptional levels of these factors by recruiting cofactors and remodeling chromatin structure. Myc promotes RNA Pol I-mediated rDNA transcription by binding to UBF and SL1. After transcription, the 47S pre-rRNA is processed into mature 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNA. The Myc–STP5/SEC complex stimulates rRNA processing and transcription of RPS and RPL for export in an RNA Pol II-dependent manner. Myc binds transcription factor IIIB (TFIIIB) and activates the transcription of 5S rRNA and tRNA mediated by RNA Pol III. Finally, Myc stimulates RP synthesis through these RNA Pol I–III pathways. Myc myelocytomatosis oncogene, SL1 selectivity factor 1, TFIIIB transcription factor IIIB, UBF upstream binding factor