Table 1. Indications for varicocele repair in men with infertility.

Q17. “What are your indications for varicocele repair in an infertile couple?” (you can choose multiple options)
Answer	No. of responses	Percentage of respondents
Infertility with clinical varicocele, abnormal semen analysis, and normal female partner <35 years old	526	91.6
Infertility with clinical varicocele, and abnormal semen analysis or elevated SDF, irrespective of female partner status	220	38.3
Infertility with clinical varicocele, normal semen analysis, normal female partner, but elevated SDF	199	34.7
Clinical varicocele with normal semen analysis, normal SDF, but ipsilateral testicular atrophy	179	31.2
Infertility with clinical varicocele, normal semen analysis, normal SDF, normal female partner, but failed IUI/IVF	105	18.3
Infertility with clinical varicocele, normal semen analysis, normal female partner, but elevated OS	94	16.4
Large asymptomatic, varicocele with normal semen analysis, and normal testicular size	79	13.8
I do not recommend varicocelectomy. I rather prefer to proceed with other treatments (IUI/IVF/ICSI)	7	1.2
Total number of respondents	574

ICSI: intracytoplasmic sperm injection, IUI: intrauterine insemination, IVF: in vitro fertilization, OS: oxidative stress, SDF: sperm DNA fragmentation.