Table 1.
Results of the literature review. (aICU: intensive care unit)
| N | Study | Year | Type of study | Scale/score | Population/comparator | “Intervention" | Outcome | Founding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omalizumab for a better antiviral response (increasing IFN-α production) (e.g. against rhinovirus, influenzavirus, etc.) | ||||||||
| 1 | Farmani A.R. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 2 | Menzella F. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 3 | Costanzo G. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 4 | Greene T.T. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES, NIH grants AI145314, AI081923, AI113923 and AI132122 |
| 5 | Padayachee Y. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-0-0-2-1-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 6 | Bencze D. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES, NKFIH FK 128294 to K.P., NKFIH PD 135193;, also supported by GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00050 project |
| 7 | Galati D. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 8 | Kumar K. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | YES, Novartis |
| 9 | Criado P.R. | 2020 | Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | YES, authors are speaker of Novartis |
| 10 | Novak N. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-1-2-2-2 | / | / | / | YES, grant number: 2019-T1/BIO-12690; PI20/00351 |
| 11 | Visentin A.H. | 2020 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 12 | Ding M. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 13 | Sarioglu N. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-0-2-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 14 | Assaf S.M. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 15 | Liu S. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-1-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 16 | Morais-Almeida M. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 17 | Wang C.-J. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 18 | Ramakrishnan, R.K. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-0-0-1-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 19 | Ayobami T. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-0-0-2-1-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 20 | Lin Y. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-1-0-2-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 21 | Klimek L. | 2020 | Position Paper | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES |
| 22 | Pfaar O. | 2021 | Position Paper | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES |
| 23 | Vultaggio A. | 2020 | Position Paper | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES |
| 24 | Paladini E. | 2021 | Pediatric case report | JBI-case report high | 1 patient in Omalizumab | COVID-19 | mild disease | YES, Novartis |
| No increased risk of COVID-19 (and severe COVID-19) in patients treated with Omalizumab | ||||||||
| 2 | Menzella F. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 3 | Costanzo G. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 9 | Criado P.R. | 2020 | Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | YES, authors are speaker of Novartis |
| 12 | Ding M. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 13 | Sarioglu N. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-0-2-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 14 | Assaf S.M. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 23 | Vultaggio A. | 2020 | Position Paper | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES |
| 25 | Lombardi C. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 26 | Ortega J. | 2020 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 46 patients in Omalizumab | 5 COVID-19 | 0 ICUa (intensive care unit) | no |
| 27 | Izquierdo J.L. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE high | 641 patients in Omalizumab | 9 COVID-19 | 0 ICUa | YES |
| 28 | Adir Y. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE high | 8242 asthmatic COVID-19 vs 72.360 asthmatic without COVID-19 | 24 in Omalizumab vs 200 in Omalizumab | 0 ICUa | YES |
| 29 | Rial M.J. | 2020 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 263 patients in Omalizumab | 14 COVID-19 | 1 ICUa | YES |
| 30 | Matucci A. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 145 patients in Omalizumab | 2 COVID-19 | 1 ICUa | no |
| 31 | Hanon S. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 129 patients in Omalizumab | 4 igG COVID-19 | 0 admitted in Hospital/0 ICUa | YES |
| 32 | Antonicelli L. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 558 asthmatic patients (NOT KNOWN how many in omalizumab) | 3 COVID-19 | 1 admitted in Hospital/0 ICUa | no |
| 33 | Garcıa-Menaya G.M. | 2020 | Observational cohort study | STROBE medium | 112 COVID-19 patients | 1 Omalizumab treatment | good outcome | YES, Grants RETICS RD16/0006/0004 (ARADyAL), PI15/00303, and PI18/00540 |
| 34 | Nassim D. | 2020 | Letter to the editor | SANRA 1-1-0-1-1-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 35 | Licari A. | 2020 | Observational cohort study | STROBE medium | 308 patients in biologics/286 in omalizumab | 3 patient had COVID-19 in omalizumab | paucisymptomatic disease | no |
| Omalizumab may enhance an antiviral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 (throught interferon) | ||||||||
| 1 | Farmani A.R. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 17 | Wang C.-J. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 18 | Ramakrishnan, R.K. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-0-0-1-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 27 | Izquierdo J.L. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE high | 641 patients in Omalizumab | 9 COVID-19 | 0 ICUa | YES |
| 36 | Yalcin A.D. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 37 | Wisnu Wardana V. A. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 38 | Tan C. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE high | / | / | / | no |
| 39 | Manti S. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-1-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 40 | Marques J.G. | 2022 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-2-2-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 41 | Abdelmaksoud A. | 2020 | Letter to the editor | JBI-case report low | / | / | / | no |
| 42 | Wang J-Y. | 2021 | Letter to the editor | JBI-case report low | / | / | / | no |
| 43 | Lommatzsch M. | 2020 | Case report (1 pt) | JBI-case report high | 1 allergic asmatic patient with COVID-19 | 1 patient continued Omalizumab | good outcome | no |
| 44 | Lanoue D. | 2021 | Case report (1 pt) | JBI-case report very low | 1 chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) patient with COVID-19 | 2 patient continued Omalizumab | good outcome | no |
| 50 | Mantlo E. | 2021 | Experimental study | JADAD scale low | Vero cells infected by SARS-CoV-2 | tested the antiviral efficacy of IFN-α and IFN-β | significant reduction of viral titer | no |
| No sufficient data or clinical evidence about Omalizumab and reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection/duration/severity | ||||||||
| 3 | Costanzo G. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 14 | Assaf S.M. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 1-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 15 | Liu S. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-1-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 16 | Morais-Almeida M. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 22 | Pfaar O. | 2021 | Position Paper | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | YES |
| 24 | Paladini E. | 2021 | Pediatric case report | JBI-case report high | 16 years old female in Omalizumab | COVID-19 | mild disease | YES, Novartis |
| 25 | Lombardi C. | 2021 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-2-0-2-2-1 | / | / | / | no |
| 28 | Adir Y. | 2021 | Observational cohort study | STROBE high | 8242 asthmatic COVID-19 vs 72.360 asthmatic without COVID-19 | 24 in Omalizumab vs 200 in Omalizumab | 0 ICUa | YES |
| 45 | Schön M.P. | 2020 | Narrative Review | SANRA 2-1-0-2-1-2 | / | / | / | no |
| 46 | Chhiba K. D. | 2020 | Observational cohort study | STROBE low | 220 patients in Omalizumab | 1 COVID-19 | 1 ICUa | no |
| 48 | Pfaar O. | 2020 | Review | AMSTAR low | / | / | / | no |
| 49 | Humbert M. | 2021 | Review | AMSTAR medium | / | / | / | no |
| Biologic therapy for asthma linked to a more severe course of COVID-19 | ||||||||
| 47 | Eger K. | 2021 | Retrospective cohort study: 120 in Omalizumab/2 COVID-19/2 ICU | 120 patients in Omalizumab | 2 COVID-19 | 2 ICUa | no | |