Table 1 –

Clinical characteristics of patients in two main clusters.

Clinical characteristics	Cluster I early disrupted homeostasis (N = 18)	Cluster II early preserved homeostasis (N = 139)	P value
Demographics
Age, median (25th, 75th)	64 (56, 69)	62 (50, 70)	0.35
Male gender, n (%)	11 (61)	74 (53)	0.62
Race, n (%)
White	15 (83)	124 (89)	0.07
African American	1 (6)	12 (9)
American Indian	0 (0)	1 (0.7)
Transferred from another hospital, n (%)	8 (44)	64 (46)	1.00
Weight (kg), median (25th, 75th)	98 (64, 136)	86 (71, 103)	0.28
Body Mass index, median (25th, 75th)	35 (21, 45)	29 (25, 34)	0.36
Comorbidities, n (%)
Chronic kidney disease*	7 (47)	15 (11)	0.001
Congestive heart failure	7 (39)	20 (14)	0.02
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease†	2 (12)	17 (12)	1.00
Diabetes mellitus†	8 (47)	45 (33)	0.28
Hypertension	13 (76)	81 (59)	0.20
Smoking history, n (%)
Current	4 (24)	57 (42)	0.21
Former	1 (6)	15 (11)
Never	12 (71)	64 (47)
Characteristics of sepsis episode
Sepsis severity, n (%)
Sepsis	0 (0)	57 (41)	< 0.001
Severe sepsis	4 (22)	58 (42)
Septic shock	14 (78)	24 (17)
Acuity scores in the first 24 h of sepsis onset, median (25th, 75th)
APACHE II	30 (26, 39)	16 (11, 21)	< 0.001
Total acute physiology score	23 (20, 34)	12 (8, 17)	< 0.001
Age points	4 (3, 5)	3 (2, 5)	0.19
Chronic health points	0 (0, 2)	0 (0, 0)	0.001
SOFA	13 (11, 15)	5 (2, 8)	< 0.001
Respiratory system	3 (2, 3)	0 (0, 3)	< 0.001
Central nervous system	3 (2, 4)	1 (0, 2)	0.002
Cardiovascular system	3 (3, 4)	1 (0, 1)	< 0.001
Liver	1 (0, 2)	0 (0, 0)	< 0.001
Coagulation	0.5 (0, 2)	0 (0, 0)	0.002
Renal	3 (2, 4)	0 (0, 1)	< 0.001

Abbreviations: APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score; SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.

Pairs that are significant with P values at 0.05 level are boldfaced.

^*Percentages calculated after removing end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients from the cohort.

^†Due to missing values, the percentages were calculated based on the available data.