TABLE 1.
Clinical correlation of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in the most studied solid cancer types (prostate, ovarian, lung, breast, and colorectal cancer)
| Prostate cancer | Clinical Correlation | Sample | References |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Diagnostic miR-221,222 |
Upregulated in metastatic patients | Plasma /serum | (Fendler et al., 2016; Thieu et al., 2014) |
|
Diagnostic miR-21 |
Upregulated in resistant and metastatic patients | Serum | (Zhang et al., 2011) |
|
Diagnostic miR-203a-3p |
Downregulated in Cancer and metastatic patients | Serum | (Qasemi Rad et al., 2022) |
|
Diagnostic miR-221,222 |
Upregulated in metastatic patients | Plasma, serum | (Fendler et al., 2016; Thieu et al., 2014) |
|
Prognostic miR-141 |
Upregulated with good clinical outcome | Plasma | (Gonzales et al., 2011) |
|
Prognostic miR-210 |
Upregulated with poor clinical outcome | Plasma, serum | (H. H. Cheng et al., 2013) |
|
Prognostic miR-132, miR-375, miR-429, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c |
Upregulated with short overall survival | Plasma | (H. H. Cheng et al., 2018; H.-M. Lin et al., 2017a; Souza et al., 2017) |
|
Prognostic miR-141 |
Upregulated with good clinical outcome | Plasma | (Gonzales et al., 2011) |
|
Prognostic miR-210 |
Upregulated with poor clinical outcome | Plasma, serum | (H. H. Cheng et al., 2013) |
| Ovarian cancer | Clinical Correlation | Sample | References |
|
Diagnostic miR-181a, miR-342-3p, and miR-450b-5p, miR-30c-1* |
All miRNAs were downregulated in early stage ovarian cancer patients compared with controls except miR-30c-1* was upregulated | Whole blood | (Häusler et al., 2010) |
|
Diagnostic miR-126, MiR-127, miR-150, miR-155, miR-106b, miR-99b |
Downregulated in newly diagnosed patients compared with controls | Serum | (Resnick et al., 2009; Shapira et al., 2014) |
|
Diagnostic miR-195-5p, miR-451a |
Downregulated in late stage ovarian cancer patients compared with controls | Plasma | (Oliveira et al., 2019) |
|
Diagnostic miR-21, miR-92, miR-93, miR-126, miR-29a, miR-1274a, miR-625-3p, miR-720, miR-375, miR-1307 |
Upregulated in ovarian cancer patients compared with controls, except miR-375, miR-1307 upregulated in metastatic patients | Serum | (Resnick et al., 2009; Shapira et al., 2014; Su et al., 2019) |
|
Diagnostic miR-205-5p, miR-145, miR-10a-5p, miR-346, and miR-328-3p |
Upregulated in patients compared with controls | Plasma | (Wang et al., 2019) |
|
Prognostic miR-34a-5p, miR-93-5p |
Downregulated with better progression free survival | Serum | (Robelin et al., 2020) |
|
Prognostic miR‐135a‐3p |
Upregulated in favorable clinical prognosis | Serum | (Fukagawa et al., 2017) |
|
Prognostic miR-1290 |
Upregulated in patients with short overall survival | Plasma | (Shapira et al., 2014) |
| Lung cancer | Clinical Correlation | Sample | References |
|
Diagnostic hsa-miR-140-5p |
Downregulated in patients of different stages compared with controls | Whole blood | (Fehlmann et al., 2020) |
|
Diagnostic miR-492, miR-590-3p |
Upregulated in early stage patients compared with controls | Serum | (Duan et al., 2021) |
|
Diagnostic miR-631 |
Downregulated in early stage patients compared with controls | Serum | (Duan et al., 2021) |
|
Diagnostic miR-200b-5p, miR-190b, miR-502-5p, miR-629, miR-17, miR-100, miRs-21-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-126, miR-141-3p, miR-193b-3p, miR-205-5p, miR- 210, miR-301b |
Upregulated in patients with malignant pulmonary nodules compared with benign ones except miR-200b-5p differentiates between nodule lung adenocarcinomas and non-nodule healthy smokers | Plasma | (Cazzoli et al., 2013; Lin et al., 2017b) |
|
Diagnostic miRs-135a-5p, miR-145, mIR-200b-3p |
Downregulated in patients with malignant tumor versus benign tumor | Plasma | (Lin et al., 2017a) |
|
Prognostic miR-98-5p, miR-302e, miR-495-3p, miR-613 |
Upregulated with good clinical outcome | Plasma | (Chen et al., 2016) |
|
Prognostic miR-21, miR-27a, miR-218 |
Upregulated in patients resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy | Plasma | (Wang, Su, et al., 2015a) |
|
Prognostic miR-20a, miR-223, miR-145, miR-628-3p miR-29c, miR-210 and miR-1244. |
Upregulated in patients of stage I–II | Serum, plasma | (Moretti et al., 2017) |
| Breast cancer | Clinical Correlation | Sample | References |
|
Diagnostic miR-4270, miR-1225-5p, miR-188-5p, miR-1202, miR-4281, miR-1207-5p, miR-642b-3p, miR-1290, miR-3141 |
Upregulated in patients with stage I, II, and III, compared with stage IV | Serum | (Hamam et al., 2016) |
|
Diagnostic miR-20a, miR-214, miR-21 |
Upregulated in patients with breast cancer and benign disease than in healthy women but only miR-214 discriminate malignant from benign tumors and healthy controls | Serum | (Schwarzenbach et al., 2012) |
|
Diagnostic miR-133a-3p, miR-497-5p, miR-24-3p, and miR-125b-5p, miR-106a, miR-182 |
Upregulated in early stage patients compared with control | Serum | (Wang et al., 2018b; Zou et al., 2022) |
|
Diagnostic miR-127-3p, miR-148b, miR-409-3p, miR-652 and miR-801, miR-1246, miR-206, miR-24, miR-373, miR-505-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-96-5p |
Upregulated in early stage patients compared with control | Plasma | (Cuk et al., 2013; Jang et al., 2021; Matamala et al., 2015) |
|
Diagnostic miR-18a, miR-107, miR-133a, miR-139-5p, miR-143, miR-145, Let-7c, miR-365 and miR-425 |
Downregulated in early stage BC patients | Serum | (Kodahl et al., 2014; Li X-X et al., 2015a) |
|
Prognostic miR-130b-5p, miR-151a-5p, miR-206, miR-222-3p |
Upregulated in patients with shorter survival | Serum | (Wang et al., 2018b) |
|
Prognostic miR-122, miR-148a-3p and miR-374a-5p |
Upregulated as a predictive markers of metastatic recurrence in stages (II-III) | Serum | (X. Wu et al., 2012) |
|
Prognostic miR-148a-3p, miR-374a-5p |
Upregulated in patients with pathologic complete response | Plasma | (Di Cosimo et al., 2020) |
|
Prognostic miR-10b-3p, miR-940, miR-4310 |
Downregulated in metastatic patients sensitive to trastuzumab | Serum | (H. Li et al., 2018) |
| Colorectal cancer | Clinical Correlation | Sample | References |
|
Diagnostic miR-29a, miR-92a, miR-182, miR-409 |
Upregulated in early stage patients compared with control, miR-29a, miR-92a also are upregulated in advanced stage | Plasma | (Huang et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2018; S. Wang, Xiang, et al., 2015b; Yamada et al., 2015) |
|
Diagnostic miR-30a-5p, miR-7, miR-93 |
Downregulated in early stage patients compared with control | Serum, plasma | (Wang, Xiang, et al., 2015b) |
|
Diagnostic miR-506, miR-4316 |
Upregulated in early cancer patients compared with control | Peripheral blood | (Krawczyk et al., 2017) |
|
Diagnostic miR-21, miR-145, miR-203, miR-155, miR-210, miR-31, miR-15b, miR-29a, miR-345, and miR-106a-5p |
Upregulated in advanced stage patients compared with control. | Plasma | (Herreros-Villanueva et al., 2019; Kudelova et al., 2022; Nassar et al., 2021) |
|
Prognostic miR-1290 |
Upregulated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. | Serum | (Imaoka et al., 2016) |
|
Prognostic miR-203, miR-30a-5p, miR-17-3p, miR-106a, miR-21, miR-92a, miR-1290, miR-210, miR-183, miR-885-5p, miR-592, miR-196b, miR-155 |
Upregulated with lower patient survival rate | Serum | (Hur et al., 2017; Rapado-González et al., 2019; Sun et al., 2019) |
|
Prognostic miR-141 |
Upregulated in patients with lower survival rate and in metastatic patients | Plasma | (H. Cheng et al., 2011) |
|
Prognostic miR-200c |
Upregulated in stage IV patients compared with control | Serum | (Toiyama et al., 2014) |
|
Prognostic miR-21, miR-210 |
Upregulated in Stage IV patients | Plasma | (Nassar et al., 2021) |
|
Prognostic miR-200b, miR-31 |
upregulated in patients with increased recurrence risk | Plasma | (Yuan et al., 2017) |
|
Prognostic miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-15b |
Upregulated in advanced stages | Plasma | (Giráldez et al., 2013) |
|
Prognostic miR-15b, miR-526, miR-96, miR-148a, miR-22 miR-141, miR-628-5p, miR-203 and miR-200b |
Upregulated in advanced stages | Plasma | (Sun et al., 2016) |