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. 2022 Dec 28;28(48):6909–6921. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i48.6909

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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-dependent nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling. During oxidative stress, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) detaches from kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and translocates to the nucleus to bind the target genes. In normal conditions, NRF2 is ubiquitinylated and undergoes degradation. ARE: Antioxidant responsive element; SMaf: Small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homologue; Ub: Ubiquitin.