Table 4.
AF Ablation in Latino/Hispanic Versus Non-Latino/Hispanic Patients Across COVID Years
| Pre-COVID |
COVID Year 1 |
COVID Year 2 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Latino or Hispanic (n = 7) | Non-Latino or Hispanic (n = 137) | p | Latino or Hispanic (n = 11) | Non-Latino or Hispanic (n = 147) | p | Latino or Hispanic (n = 27) | Non-Latino or Hispanic (n = 206) | p | |
| Age, y | 54.86 (19.18) | 64.05 (12.32) | 0.063 | 60.64 (13.48) | 64.35 (10.85) | 0.283 | 59.26 (15.9) | 67.19 (10.55) | < 0.005 |
| Female sex | 4 (57.14) | 48 (35.03) | 0.433 | 4 (36.36) | 41 (27.89) | 0.799 | 10 (37.03) | 79 (38.35) | 1 |
| Insurance provider | 0.041 | 0.811 | 0.174 | ||||||
| Commercial | 4 (57.14) | 66 (48.17) | 7 (63.63) | 66 (44.89) | 10 (37.03) | 73 (35.43) | |||
| Medi-Cal | 1 (14.28) | 1 (0.73) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.68) | 1 (3.70) | 3 (1.45) | |||
| Medicare | 2 (28.57) | 54 (39.41) | 3 (27.27) | 58 (39.45) | 8 (29.63) | 100 (48.54) | |||
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.46) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.04) | 1 (3.70) | 2 (0.97) | |||
| Managed care | 0 (0.0) | 14 (10.21) | 1 (9.09) | 19 (12.92) | 7 (25.92) | 28 (13.59) | |||
| Preprocedure admission status | |||||||||
| Same day admit | 7 (100.0) | 134 (97.81) | 1 | 11 (100.0) | 146 (99.32) | 1 | 27 (100.0) | 203 (98.54) | 1 |
| Inpatient | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 |
| ED admit | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.19) | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.68) | 1 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.456) | 1 |
| Socioeconomic factors, ZCTA-based | |||||||||
| Median income deciles, USD | 82,741 (26,085) | 101,720 (34,979) | 0.16 | 84,635 (23,169) | 108,841 (38,388) | 0.041 | 78,832 (24,683) | 102,564 (32,590) | < 0.005 |
| Families in poverty, n (%) | 8.2 (4.03) | 5.68 (3.44) | 0.063 | 8.25 (6.08) | 5.37 (3.28) | 0.01 | 9.09 (5.03) | 5.88 (3.87) | < 0.005 |
| Unemployed, n (%) | 5.9 (1.12) | 5.97 (1.89) | 0.919 | 6.09 (1.22) | 5.39 (1.46) | 0.125 | 6.09 (1.35) | 5.63 (1.63) | 0.155 |
| Outcomes | |||||||||
| Hospital length of stay, h | 28.57 (3.6) | 32.23 (32.33) | 0.766 | 20.18 (6.1) | 21.19 (10.41) | 0.752 | 20.26 (7.17) | 22.46 (20.14) | 0.575 |
| ICU length of stay, h | 0.0 (0.0) | 2.25 (13.01) | 0.65 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.49 (4.49) | 0.72 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.81 (10.15) | 0.679 |
NOTE. Data is present as mean (SD) or count (%) where appropriate.
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement; ZCTA, ZIP code tabulation area.