Fig. 5.

Competitive SPR binding of blood (co)-factors and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs to surface heparin in the presence of sulfated glycans. The bar plots indicate normalized binding of A) AT, B) HCII, C) thrombin (IIa), and SARS-CoV-2 RBDs of D) WT, E) Alpha N501Y mutant, F) Delta L542R mutant, G) Gamma triple K417T/E484K/N501Y mutant, and H) Omicron (BA.2 subvariant) to surface heparin-immobilized sensorchip in the presence of UFH, PpFuCS and fragments. UFH, PpFucCS, HdPpFucCS, Fr1, Fr2, Fr3, and Fr4. The numbers on top of each bar indicate the average normalized binding value obtained in the experiments. The normalization has been measured with respect to only protein bound to the surface heparin. Each experiment was performed in triplicates and each point in plotted data represents the mean ± SD of the triplicate set.