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. 2023 Jan 9;13:419. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-27090-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Cisplatin-induced polyploid cells demonstrate a dynamic polyploidization and depolyploidization characteristic. Cisplatin administration resulted in significant cell death and the enrichment of large polyploid cells. (A) Representative images of cells treated with 3, 6, and 13 μM cisplatin for 72 h are shown. In this panel, all pictures are captured with 20X objective lens except the third one (Cis 6 μM) which is taken with 10X. (B) DNA content analysis of treated cells with different doses of cisplatin indicated that the 6 μM cisplatin results in the highest rate of polyploidy. (C) Assessment of different recovery periods following the three days of 6 μM cisplatin administration revealed that polyploidy is maximal with a 7 days recovery time. (D) Time-lapse imaging of cisplatin-treated PGCCs demonstrated considerable changes in the genome content and cytoplasm morphology. White arrowheads: fusion with a diploid cell; orange arrowheads: fusion with another PGCC; yellow arrowheads: budding of daughter cells. Nuclei and cell membrane are stained with DAPI and CM-Dil, respectively; Cis: Cisplatin; * p-value < 0.05; ** p-value < 0.01; error bars: mean ± SEM.