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. 2022 Dec 24;8(12):e12571. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12571

Figure 4.

Figure 4

R. rugosa treatment of B16F0 cells and NHDF. A, Resazurin cell proliferation assays. B16F0 mouse melanoma cells and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) were treated with 0, 62.5 and 125 μg/mL of R. rugosa extract for 3 days to assess its effect on the cell growth. Cell growth is presented as a percentage of untreated cells. B, Tyrosinase activity. C, melanin content. D, and cell pellet photo were determined after 3 days when cells were co-treated with 0, 125 μg/mL R. rugosa extract and 0.1 μM α-MSH. Cells with growth media (0-) were used for comparison with the α-MSH treated cells (0+). Kojic acid (KA, 500 μg/mL) was used as positive control. Mean ± SEM (n = 3) of three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate are shown. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test was employed. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.