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. 2023 Jan 1;13(2):724–735. doi: 10.7150/thno.79902

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Cognitive function changes over 1 year in recovered COVID-19 patients and HCs. In the one- to two-year follow-up, the cognition function of recovered COVID-19 patients showed flat or declining trends (in blue). From 2021 to 2022, the cognitive function of HCs showed an improved trend in 13 HCs except for DSST (in orange). The endpoints of the line segments are mean or median, and the error bars are standard deviations or quartiles. * p < 0.05. More details of cross-sectional comparisons were shown in Table 1. HCs, healthy controls; LM, logical memory task; DSST, digital symbol substitution test; DS, digit span task; FDS, forward digit span; BDS, backward digit span; WFT, Word fluency test.