TABLE 2.
Adjusted Associations Between Patient and/or Neighborhood Factors and COVID-19 Positivity (Odds Ratios), March 2020 to February 2021†
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variable | Unadjusted Model | Adjusted Model |
| Neighborhood factors | ||
| Ethnic enclave quintiles (ref: Q1) | ||
| Q2 | 1.42** (1.05, 1.91) | 1.28* (0.99, 1.67) |
| Q3 | 1.49** (1.08, 2.06) | 1.27* (0.97, 1.68) |
| Q4 | 2.39*** (1.80, 3.16) | 1.61*** (1.26, 2.05) |
| Q5 (highest) | 3.22*** (2.45, 4.24) | 1.81*** (1.43, 2.29) |
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Age (ref: 35–64) | ||
| <18 | — | 1.19*** (1.09, 1.31) |
| 18–34 | — | 1.02 (0.95, 1.11) |
| 65+ | — | 0.67*** (0.59, 0.76) |
| Sex (ref: male) | ||
| Female | — | 0.98 (0.92, 1.04) |
| Marital Status (ref: single) | ||
| Married/partnered | — | 1.31*** (1.21, 1.42) |
| Divorced/separated | — | 0.90 (0.75, 1.09) |
| Other/unknown | — | 0.96 (0.86, 1.08) |
| Preferred language (ref: English) | ||
| Spanish | — | 2.17*** (2.01, 2.33) |
| Insurance type (ref: Private) | ||
| Public | — | 1.08 (0.92, 1.25) |
| Other/unknown | — | 1.22 (0.95, 1.56) |
| Missing | — | 0.98 (0.83, 1.14) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (ref: 0) | ||
| 1 | — | 0.96 (0.85, 1.08) |
| 2+ | — | 0.92 (0.81, 1.04) |
| Health system (ref: UCSF) | ||
| SFHN | — | 2.31*** (2.00, 2.67) |
*
P<0.05.
**
P<0.01.
***
P<0.001.
†
Results reported in odds ratios obtained from multilevel logistic regression models clustered on census tract.
OR indicates odds ratio; Q, quintile; SFHN, San Francisco Health Network; UCSF, University of California, San Francisco.