Table 2.

Average race effect among Black patients for 90-day mortality, readmission, and complications in a matched cohort with and without inclusion of the SVI, 2015-2019^a

	Observed unadjusted, %				Matched without SVI			Matched with SVI
	White	Black	Difference, ppt (95% CI)	p value	Difference, ppt (95% CI)	p value	% explained by non-SVI demographics	Difference, ppt (95% CI)	p value	% explained by SVI
Mortality	1.8	2.4	0.6 (0.4 to 0.8)	< 0.001	0.0 (-0.3 to 0.3)	0.99	100%	-0.2 (-0.4 to 0.1)	0.30
Readmission	13	16	3.0 (2.4 to 3.5)	< 0.001	1.5 (0.9 to 2.1)	< 0.001	49%	1.2 (0.5 to 1.8)	0.001	23%
Complication with readmission	25	27	2.3 (1.5 to 3.0)	< 0.001	1.2 (0.5 to 1.9)	0.002	48%	0.6 (-0.2 to 1.4)	0.15	49%
Complication without readmission	20	24	4.0 (3.3 to 4.8)	< 0.001	3.6 (2.9 to 4.3)	< 0.001	10%	3.0 (2.2 to 3.8)	< 0.001	17%

^aBased on nearest-neighbor Mahalanobis matching on age, sex, comorbidity, and spine cohort and including bias adjustment for age and Charlson comorbidity and exact matching on spine cohort. Rounding may have affected the ppt difference results; ppt = percentage point difference based on average race effect among Black patients.