Table 5.

Studies evaluating the relationship between social deprivation and PROMs

Study	Key findings	Factors controlled for
Clement et al. [11]	Lower improvements in Oxford hip scores at 1 year associated with more-deprived areas as measured by the Carstairs Score	Age, comorbidity burden, baseline PROMs, LOS
Clement et al. [10]	Social deprivation, as measured by the SMID, was not associated with 1-year Oxford knee or SF-12 scores	Age, gender, comorbidity burden, baseline PROMs
Jenkins et al. [29]	Patients with the most severe levels of social deprivation who underwent THA had lower baseline, 6-month, and 18-month HHS and SF-36 physical and mental scores	Age, gender
Edwards et al. [19]	Greater area deprivation was associated with lower improvements in Oxford knee scores at 6 months	Age, gender, living arrangements, symptom duration, comorbidity burden, baseline PROMs
Neuburger et al. [50]	Higher postoperative improvements in the Oxford hip and knee scores were seen for more socially deprived patients. Patients in the most socially deprived cohorts had an increased odds of reporting no improvement after THA and TKA	Age, gender, ethnicity, comorbidity burden, revision rate, primary diagnosis, baseline PROMs
Murray et al. [49]	No association between deprivation (as measured by the Townsend score) and KSS or QoL scores	None listed

LOS = length of stay; SMID = Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation; HHS = Harris hip score; KSS = Knee Society score; QoL = quality of life.