Table 2:
Breastfeeding practices and receipt of supports that promote exclusive breastfeeding during the birth hospital stay, in people with a disability and in those without a recognised disability
| Individuals with outcome | Unadjusted RR (95% CI) | Adjusted RR (95% CI)* | Adjusted RR (95% CI)† | Adjusted RR (95% CI)‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opportunity to initiate breastfeeding within 2 h of birth | |||||
| No disability (n=555 310) | 305 882 (55·1%) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Physical disability only (n=54 476) | 29 405 (54·0%) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) | 1·00 (0·99–1·01) |
| Sensory disability only (n=19 227) | 10 499 (54·6%) | 0·99 (0·98–1·01) | 0·99 (0·98–1·01) | 1·00 (0·98–1·01) | 1·00 (0·98–1·02) |
| Intellectual or developmental disability only (n=1048) | 447 (42·7%) | 0·77 (0·72–0·83) | 0·79 (0·73–0·85) | 0·82 (0·76–0·88) | 0·84 (0·76–0·92) |
| Multiple disabilities (n=4050) | 2027 (50·0%) | 0·91 (0·88–0·94) | 0·91 (0·89–0·94) | 0·93 (0·91–0·96) | 0·95 (0·91–0·99) |
| Any in-hospital breastfeeding | |||||
| No disability (n=555 310) | 482 702 (86·9%) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Physical disability only (n=54 476) | 45 881 (84·2%) | 0·97 (0·96–0·97) | 0·97 (0·96–0·97) | 0·98 (0·97–0·98) | 0·99 (0·98–0·99) |
| Sensory disability only (n=19 227) | 16 279 (84·7%) | 0·97 (0·97–0·98) | 0·97 (0·97–0·98) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–1·00) |
| Intellectual or developmental disability only (n=1048) | 731 (69·8%) | 0·81 (0·77–0·84) | 0·82 (0·79–0·86) | 0·85 (0·81–0·88) | 0·86 (0·80–0·93) |
| Multiple disabilities (n=4050) | 3187 (78·7%) | 0·91 (0·90–0·93) | 0·91 (0·90–0·93) | 0·93 (0·92–0·95) | 0·94 (0·91–0·98) |
| Exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge | |||||
| No disability (n=555 310) | 327 981 (59·1%) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Physical disability only (n=54 476) | 31 596 (58·0%) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·98–0·99) | 1·00 (0·99–1·00) | 1·01 (1·00–1·02) |
| Sensory disability only (n=19 227) | 11 146 (58·0%) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) | 1·00 (0·98–1·02) |
| Intellectual or developmental disability only (n=1048) | 414 (39·5%) | 0·69 (0·63–0·74) | 0·69 (0·63–0·74) | 0·73 (0·67–0·79) | 0·75 (0·68–0·83) |
| Multiple disabilities (n=4050) | 2065 (51·0%) | 0·87 (0·84–0·90) | 0·87 (0·84–0·90) | 0·90 (0·87–0·93) | 0·93 (0·89–0·97) |
| Skin-to-skin contact with the birthing parent within 2 h of birth | |||||
| No disability (n=555 310) | 430 762 (77·6%) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Physical disability only (n=54 476) | 41 546 (76·3%) | 0·98 (0·98–0·99) | 0·98 (0·98–0·99) | 0·99 (0·98–0·99) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) |
| Sensory disability only (n=19 227) | 14 600 (75·9%) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–0·99) | 0·98 (0·97–1·00) |
| Intellectual or developmental disability only (n=1048) | 720 (68·7%) | 0·89 (0·85–0·93) | 0·89 (0·85–0·92) | 0·90 (0·87–0·94) | 0·91 (0·84–0·98) |
| Multiple disabilities (n=4050) | 2886 (71·3%) | 0·92 (0·90–0·94) | 0·92 (0·90–0·94) | 0·93 (0·91–0·95) | 0·94 (0·90–0·97) |
| Provision of assistance with breastfeeding within 6 h of birth after the initial feeding | |||||
| No disability (n=555 310) | 297 278 (53·5%) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Physical disability only (n=54 476) | 28 672 (52·6%) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) | 0·99 (0·98–1·00) | 1·00 (0·99–1·01) |
| Sensory disability only (n=19 227) | 10 196 (53·0%) | 0·99 (0·98–1·01) | 0·99 (0·98–1·01) | 1·00 (0·98–1·01) | 1·00 (0·98–1·02) |
| Intellectual or developmental disability only (n=1048) | 457 (43·6%) | 0·82 (0·77–0·88) | 0·82 (0·76–0·88) | 0·85 (0·79–0·91) | 0·87 (0·79–0·95) |
| Multiple disabilities (n=4050) | 1996 (49·3%) | 0·93 (0·90–0·96) | 0·93 (0·90–0·96) | 0·95 (0·92–0·98) | 0·96 (0·92–1·01) |
Data are n (%), unless otherwise indicated. RR=relative risk.
*
Adjusted for age.
†
Adjusted for age, parity, neighbourhood income quintile, rural residence, stable and unstable chronic conditions, mental ill health, and substance use disorders.
‡
Adjusted for age, parity, neighbourhood income quintile, rural residence, stable and unstable chronic conditions, mental ill health, substance use disorders, smoking, overweight or obesity, prenatal care provider type, number of prenatal care visits, and prenatal class attendance.