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. 2022 Sep 22;37(1):1–19. doi: 10.1038/s41371-022-00751-4

Fig. 10. Cardiovascular consequences of CKD-MBD.

Fig. 10

Chronic kidney disease – mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) describes the alterations in circulating and tissue levels of calcium and phosphate because of changes in parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and its coreceptor Klotho. These biochemical changes are associated with the cardiovascular remodelling and clinical manifestations observed in patients with CKD.