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. 2022 Sep 22;37(1):1–19. doi: 10.1038/s41371-022-00751-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 9 — Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors have traditionally been an effective antidiabetic therapy. Recent trials have demonstrated a multitude of beneficial cardiorenal, metabolic and vascular effects, which underpin the improvement in cardiovascular and renal outcomes independent of improved glycaemic control. Some of these mechanisms have been summarised.