Table 2.
Association between beverage consumption and 6-year changes1 in leukocyte telomere length.
| Beverage consumption | Categories | N2 | Age, sex, WBCC adjusted model | Multiple model4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types | Estimate3 (95% CI) | Estimate3 (95% CI) | ||
| Green tea | None | 1505 | Reference | Reference |
| < 7 cups/week | 227 | − 0.024 (− 0.090, 0.043) | − 0.021 (− 0.089, 0.044) | |
| ≥ 7 cups/week | 220 | − 0.094 (− 0.161, − 0.027)6 | − 0.097 (− 0.164, − 0.029)6 | |
| Others5 | None | 1910 | Reference | Reference |
| ≥ 1 cup/month | 42 | − 0.054 (− 0.199, 0.090) | − 0.052 (− 0.197, 0.093) | |
| Brewed coffee | None | 1563 | Reference | Reference |
| < 14 cups/week | 217 | 0.035 (− 0.033, 0.103) | 0.037 (− 0.031, 0.105) | |
| ≥ 14 cups/week | 172 | − 0.030 (− 0.106, 0.045) | − 0.030 (− 0.105, 0.046) | |
| Instant coffee | None | 755 | Reference | Reference |
| < 14 cups/week | 518 | − 0.001 (− 0.054, 0.052) | − 0.001 (− 0.054, 0.053) | |
| ≥ 14 cups/week | 679 | − 0.009 (− 0.061, 0.043) | − 0.012 (− 0.064, 0.041) | |
| Soft drink | None | 1870 | Reference | Reference |
| ≥ 1 cup/month | 82 | − 0.009 (− 0.115, 0.096) | − 0.008 (− 0.113, 0.098) |
CI confidence interval, WBCC white blood cell counts.
1Changes were calculated by subtracting the follow-up value from the baseline value of telomere length (baseline value − follow-up value) and its positive value indicates telomere shortening.
2Number of participants.
3Regression coefficient estimate.
4Model adjusted for age, sex, monthly household income status, employment status, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, white blood cell counts, and presence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus.
5Black tea, oolong tea, and other types of tea.
6p value = 0.006.