Table 3.
Age-stratified association between beverage consumption and six-year changes1 in leukocyte telomere length.
| Beverage consumption | Categories | Model3 for < 65 years | Model3 for ≥ 65 years | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Types | N2 | Estimate4 (95% CI) | N2 | Estimate4 (95% CI) | |
| 1578 | 374 | ||||
| Green tea | None | 1198 | Reference | 307 | Reference |
| < 7 cups/week | 189 | − 0.003 (− 0.075, 0.070) | 38 | − 0.118 (− 0.292, 0.055) | |
| ≥ 7 cups/week | 191 | − 0.114 (− 0.185, − 0.042)6 | 29 | 0.052 (− 0.147, 0.252) | |
| Others5 | None | 1542 | Reference | 368 | Reference |
| ≥ 1 cup/month | 36 | − 0.112 (− 0.268, 0.043) | 6 | 0.154 (− 0.263, 0.571) | |
| Brewed coffee | None | 1222 | Reference | 341 | Reference |
| < 14 cups/week | 197 | 0.031 (− 0.041, 0.102) | 20 | 0.167 (− 0.069, 0.403) | |
| ≥ 14 cups/week | 159 | − 0.042 (− 0.120, 0.036) | 13 | 0.047 (− 0.242, 0.336) | |
| Instant coffee | None | 586 | Reference | 169 | Reference |
| < 14 cups/week | 414 | 0.007 (− 0.053, 0.066) | 104 | − 0.039 (− 0.165, 0.088) | |
| ≥ 14 cups/week | 578 | − 0.009 (− 0.066, 0.048) | 101 | − 0.034 (− 0.172, 0.104) | |
| Soft drink | None | 1504 | Reference | 366 | Reference |
| ≥ 1 cup/month | 74 | − 0.013 (− 0.123, 0.097) | 8 | − 0.153 (− 0.531, 0.224) | |
CI, confidence interval.
1Changes were calculated by subtracting the follow-up value from the baseline value of telomere length (baseline value − follow-up value) and its positive value indicates telomere shortening.
2Number of participants.
3Model adjusted for sex, monthly household income status, employment status, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, white blood cell counts, and presence of hypertension or diabetes mellitus.
4Regression coefficient estimate.
5Black tea, oolong tea, and other teas.
6p value = 0.002.