Table 5.
Multi-moderator analyses for other outcomes
| Moderator level | d | SE | Z | P | CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 1.13 | 0.17 | 6.60 | < .0001 | 0.80 to 1.47 | |
| Region | UK | Ref | ||||
| North America | 0.17 | 0.11 | 1.59 | 0.111 | − 0.04 to 0.39 | |
| Mainland Europe | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 0.752 | − 0.20 to 0.27 | |
| Asia | 0.03 | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.924 | − 0.50 to 0.55 | |
| Australasia | − 0.16 | 0.31 | − 0.49 | 0.626 | − 0.76 to 0.46 | |
| Severity | Mild | Ref | ||||
| Moderate | − 0.14 | 0.11 | − 1.23 | 0.220 | − 0.36 to 0.08 | |
| Severe | − 0.21 | 0.14 | − 0.12 | 0.901 | − 0.30 to 0.26 | |
| University (mild-to-severe) | 0.49 | 0.17 | − 1.25 | 0.210 | − 0.54 to 0.12 | |
| Therapy modality | Cognitive-behavioural | Ref | ||||
| Psychodynamic | − 0.25 | 0.11 | − 2.23 | 0.026* | − 0.47 to − 0.03 | |
| Counselling | − 0.16 | 0.18 | − 0.86 | 0.387 | − 0.51 to 0.12 | |
| Other | − 0.39 | 0.11 | − 3.47 | 0.001* | − 0.60 to − 0.17 | |
| Treatment stage | Preliminary studies | Ref | ||||
| Routine evaluations | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.45 | 0.650 | 0.20 to 0.32 | |
| Analysis | Includes lost to follow up | Ref | ||||
| Completers | 0.14 | 0.09 | 1.59 | 0.111 | − 0.03 to 0.31 | |
| Experience | Qualified staff | Ref | ||||
| Trainees | − 0.30 | 0.16 | − 1.90 | 0.058 | − 0.61 to 0.01 | |
| Sample size | Large | Ref | ||||
| Medium | − 0.01 | 0.12 | − 0.09 | 0.925 | − 0.24 to 0.22 | |
| Small | − 0.06 | 0.12 | − 0.49 | 0.626 | − 0.30 to 0.18 | |
| Publication year | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.46 | 0.646 | − 0.01 to 0.02 | |
| Sample age | − 0.00 | 0.01 | − 0.56 | 0.576 | − 0.02 to 0.01 | |
| % Female | − 0.14 | 0.23 | − 0.62 | 0.534 | − 0.59 to 0.31 |
k = 153, Tau2 = 0.24[SE = 0.03], I2 = 100%, R2 = 21.44%
* = < .05