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. 2023 Jan 10;13:519. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-27737-7

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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AT1a receptor loss alleviated denervation-induced muscle atrophy independently of C1q/Wnt/β-catenin signaling in gastrocnemius muscle. (a, b) Gene expressions of C1qa (a) and Axin2 (b) were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Expression levels of these transcripts in each sample were normalized to 18S rRNA expression levels and were shown as the fold increase or decrease in mRNA expression in the Den group compared with the Cont group. (c) Serum C1q concentration was measured by ELISA. The graphs show the fold increase or decrease in serum concentration levels in the Den group compared with the Cont group. AT1a^+/+-Cont group, n = 6; AT1a^+/+-Den group at 7 days postdenervation, n = 7; AT1a^+/+-Den group at 21 days postdenervation, n = 7; AT1a^−/−-Cont group, n = 5; AT1a^−/−-Den group at 7 days postdenervation, n = 6; AT1a^−/−-Den group at 21 days postdenervation, n = 6. Values are means ± SE.