Table 3.

Associations of HRQoL^∗with aspects of social relationships in individuals with cirrhosis (n = 429) who participated in the Danish National Health Surveys 2010, 2013, or 2017.

	Physical HRQoL		Mental HRQoL
	Point difference in HRQoL score (95% CI)	p value	Point difference in HRQoL score (95% CI)	p value
Functional aspects of social relationships
Social support, low vs. medium or high	-1.6 (-4.4-1.2)	0.26	-5.1 (-8.0−2.6)	<0.001
Loneliness, yes vs. no	-3.4 (5.9−0.95)	0.007	-9.3 (-11−6.8)	<0.001
Structural aspects of social relationships
Living alone vs. cohabitation	-0.62 (-3.0-1.8)	0.61	-0.54 (-3.0-1.9)	0.66
Contact with relatives and friends per week, ≤2 times vs. ≥3 times per week	-2.6 (-0.02−5.1)	0.05	-3.9 (-1.3−6.5)	0.003

HRQoL, health-related quality of life. Linear regression was conducted for each aspect of social relationships separately and adjusted for age, sex, history of decompensation, comorbidity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and time since cirrhosis diagnosis.

^∗HRQoL was measured with the Short Form-12, which is rated 1–100 with higher scores indicating better health. For instance, the negative values indicate that HRQoL was lower in those with loneliness than in those without loneliness. Data for physical and mental Short Form-12 was missing in 112 individuals.