Table 2.
Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics Relative to the Self-reported Edmonton Frailty Scale
| Characteristics | Total (N = 535) |
srEFS < 5 Non-High Risk for Frailty (n = 422) |
srEFS ≥ 5 High Risk for Frailty (HRF) (n = 113) |
P-Valueλ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 72.0 (68.0, 77.0) | 71.0 (68.0, 76.0) | 75.0 (71.0, 79.0) | < 0.001 |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 320 (59.8) | 252 (59.7%) | 68 (60.2%) | 1.00 |
| Female | 215 (40.2) | 170 (40.3%) | 45 (39.8%) | |
| Race, n (%) | ||||
| White | 399 (74.6) | 328 (77.7%) | 71 (62.8%) | 0.01 |
| Black | 106 (19.8) | 72 (17.1%) | 34 (30.1%) | |
| Othera | 30 (5.6) | 22 (5.2%) | 8 (7.1%) | |
| BMI, n (%) | ||||
| < 25 kg/m2 | 164 (30.7) | 123 (29.1%) | 41 (36.3%) | 0.17 |
| ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 371 (69.4) | 299 (70.9%) | 72 (63.7%) | |
| HCC, n (%) | ||||
| < 1 | 302 (56.5) | 259 (61.4%) | 43 (38.1%) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 1 | 233 (43.6) | 163 (38.6%) | 70 (61.9%) | |
| OSS, n (%) | ||||
| < 3 | 356 (66.5) | 280 (66.4%) | 76 (67.3%) | 0.91 |
| ≥ 3 | 179 (33.5) | 142 (33.6%) | 37 (32.7%) | |
| Patient Status, n (%) | ||||
| Outpatient | 241 (45.1) | 191 (45.3%) | 50 (44.2%) | 0.92 |
| Inpatient | 294 (54.9) | 231 (54.7%) | 63 (55.8%) | |
| LOS, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 2.0) | 0.57 |
| Mortality, n (%) | ||||
| No | 514 (96.1) | 409 (96.9%) | 105 (92.9%) | 0.060 |
| Yes | 21 (3.9) | 13 (3.1%) | 8 (7.1%) | |
| LOI, n (%) | ||||
| No | 497 (93.0) | 407 (96.4%) | 90 (79.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 38 (7.0) | 15 (3.6%) | 23 (20.4%) | |
srEFS self-reported Edmonton frailty scale (≥ 5 considered frail), OSS Operative Stress Score, IQR Interquartile range, LOS length of hospital stay, LOI postoperative loss of independence
aAsian, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaska Native, or unknown
λP-value Chi Squared and exact (n < 10) tests for proportions and non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for medians