Table 5. Subgroup analysis comparing maternal characteristics, GDM particularities and adverse obstetric/neonatal outcomes between groups.
| Group 1: BMI < 25 kg/m2 Normal GWG (n = 63) |
Group2: BMI < 25 kg/m2 Excessive GWG (n = 33) |
Group3: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 Normal GWG (n = 84) |
Group 4: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 Excessive GWG (n = 116) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Characteristics | ||||
| European ethnic origin | 63 (100.0) | 33 (100.0) | 83 (98.8) | 113 (97.4) |
| Abortion on previous gestation | 14 (22.2) | 7 (21.2) | 20 (23.8) | 37 (67.2) |
| Macrosomia on previous gestation | 2 (3.2) | 1 (3.0) | 6 (7.1) | 3 (2.6) |
| GDM on previous gestation | 10 (15.9) | 1 (3.0) | 15 (17.1) | 17 (14.7) |
| Family history of diabetes in 1st degree relatives | 33 (52.4) | 14 (42.4) | 56 (66.7) | 78 (67.2) |
| GDM Particularities | ||||
| Diagnosis at 1st trimester | 34 (54.0) | 20 (60.6) | 38 (45.2) | 55 (47.4) |
| Pharmacological treatment | 27 (42.9) | 12 (36.4) | 46 (54.8) | 60 (51.7) |
| Obstetric Outcomes | ||||
| Pre-eclampsia | 2 (3.2) | 1 (3.0) | 2 (2.4) | 4 (3.4) |
| Hydramnios | 0 | 0 | 4 (4.8) | 2 (1.7) |
| Gestational Hypertension | 1 (1.6) | 2 (6.1) | 3 (3.6) | 9 (7.8) |
| Cesarean delivery | 12 (19.0) | 9 (27.3) | 30 (35.7) | 42 (36.2) |
| Neonatal Outcomes | ||||
| LGA birthweight | 2 (3.2) | 0 | 2 (2.4) | 10 (8.6) |
| Prematurity | 7 (11.1) | 3 (9.1) | 8 (9.5) | 5 (4.3) |
| Neonatal morbidity | 15 (23.8) | 4 (12.1) | 24 (28.6) | 18 (15.7) |
| Neonatal Hypoglycemia | 3 (4.8) | 0 | 2 (2.4) | 3 (2.6) |
| Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia | 12 (19.0) | 4 (12.1) | 17 (20.2) | 13 (11.3) |
| Neonatal RDS | 3 (4.8) | 2 (6.1) | 3 (3.6) | 3 (2.6) |
| NICU admissions | 11 (17.5) | 3 (9.1) | 8 (9.5) | 9 (7.8) |
Data presented as n (%).
Footnote: BMI: body mass index; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; GWG: gestational weight gain; LGA: large-for-gestational-age; NA: not applicable; NICU: neonatal intensive care unit; RDS: respiratory distress syndrome.
*
Pearson's qui-square.
a
Fisher's exact test.