Table 1.
GRADE quality-of-evidence table for all recommendations
| TOPIC | FINAL GRADE RATING |
|---|---|
| Exercise for osteoarthritis10 | Low |
| Exercise for chronic low back pain11 | Moderate |
| TCAs for low back pain | Moderate |
| Topical agents (non-nitrate) | Moderate |
| Topical agents (nitrates) | Low |
| Psychological treatments | Low |
| Best exercise type | Low |
| Tapering opioids | Very low |
| Cannabinoids | Very low |
| Assisting to exercise | Very low |
| Drug combinations | Very low |
| Weight loss for osteoarthritis | Low |
| Intra-articular steroids for osteoarthritis10 | Very low |
| SNRIs for osteoarthritis10 | Moderate |
| Oral NSAIDs for osteoarthritis10 | Moderate |
| Topical NSAIDs for osteoarthritis10 | Low |
| Glucosamine for osteoarthritis10 | Very low |
| Chondroitin for osteoarthritis10 | Moderate |
| Viscosupplementation for osteoarthritis10 | Very low |
| Opioids for osteoarthritis10 | Very low |
| Acetaminophen for osteoarthritis10 | Low |
| Oral NSAIDs for back pain11 | Moderate |
| SNRIs for back pain11 | Moderate |
| Spinal manipulation for back pain11 | Low |
| Acupuncture for back pain11 | Very low |
| Rubefacients for back pain11 | Low |
| Corticosteroid injections for back pain11 | Very low |
| Opioids for low back pain11 | Very low |
| Anticonvulsants for neuropathic pain12 | Moderate |
| SNRIs for neuropathic pain12 | Moderate |
| Rubefacients for neuropathic pain12 | Low |
| TCAs for neuropathic pain12 | Very low |
| Opioids for neuropathic pain12 | Low |
GRADE—Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation; NSAID—nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SNRI—serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; TCA—tricyclic antidepressant.