Table 2.
Hazard ratios for carotid plaque in participants with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, according to the MN and MJ cohort.
|
H. pylori -a |
H. pylori + a |
HR (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carotid plaque/total | Carotid plaque/total | Model 1b | Model 2c | Model 3d | |
| MN cohort | |||||
| All participants | 6433/51099 | 4775/34259 | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) | – |
| Without self-reported cancer e | 6379/50603 | 4750/34020 | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | – |
| Without self-reported cancer or peptic ulcer f | 6346/50417 | 4733/33911 | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | – |
| Without missing value g | 5494/44600 | 4113/29712 | 1.07 (1.02–1.11) | 1.06 (1.01–1.10) | – |
| Set 1-year lag h | 5814/46317 | 4324/31168 | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | – |
| MJ cohort | |||||
| All participants | 762/5381 | 517/3176 | 1.05 (0.94–1.17) | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) |
| Without self-reported cancer i | 751/5329 | 514/3148 | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 1.03 (0.92–1.16) | 1.03 (0.92–1.15) |
| Without self-reported cancer or peptic ulcer j | 711/5147 | 497/3063 | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) | 1.03 (0.92–1.16) |
| Without missing value k | 428/2912 | 294/1772 | 1.05 (0.93–1.18) | 1.03 (0.91–1.15) | 1.02 (0.90–1.14) |
| Set 1-year lag l | 297/2007 | 215/1260 | 1.04 (0.87–1.24) | 0.99 (0.83–1.19) | 1.01 (0.84–1.21) |
Presented as case number/number of participants.
Adjusted for age (<30, 30–39, 40–49, 50-59, 60–69, or ≥0 year), sex (women or men).
Further adjusted for annual personal income (<0.1, 0.1–0.2, or ≥0.2 million), body mass index (<18.5, 18.5-23.9, 24.0-27.9, or ≥28 kg/m2), blood pressure (normal, prehypertension, or hypertension), blood glucose (normal, prediabetes, or diabetes), triglycerides (tertile), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (tertile), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (tertile), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (tertile), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (tertile).
Further adjusted for education (illiteracy or elementary school, middle school, or college/university), marital status (married, separated, or never married), smoking status (never, former, or current), alcohol drinking (never, former, or current), physical activity (inactive, medium, or active), family history of cardiovascular disease (yes or no).
Excluded 735 participants with self-reported cancer at baseline.
Excluded 1030 participants with self-reported cancer or peptic ulcer at baseline.
Excluded 71,018 participants with missing values in the covariate.
Excluded 11,046 participants with follow time less than 12 months.
Excluded 110 participants with self-reported cancer at baseline.
Excluded 347 participants with self-reported cancer or peptic ulcer at baseline.
Excluded 5290 participants with missing values in the covariate.
Excluded 739 participants with follow time less than 12 months.