FIG. 2.

Cytokine production in vitro by spleen cells from uninfected and P. chabaudi AS-infected WT and GKO mice. Single cell suspensions were prepared from spleens recovered from uninfected and day-7-infected male and female WT and GKO mice and cultured for 48 h in the presence of PRBC (10⁶/ml). Supernatants were collected, and the levels of IFN-γ (A), TNF-α (B), IL-4 (C), and IL-10 (D) were analyzed by ELISA. Data are means ± SEM of four or five individual mice from one of three experiments. ∗ and #, statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between GKO and WT mice and between female and male mice of the same genotype, respectively; ND, not detectable.