Table 1.
Characteristics of enrolled studies.
| Authors | Years | Treatments | Samples | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bellette | 2009 | PTNS Placebo |
21 16 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Bykoviene | 2018 | PFMT PFMT + TTNS Placebo |
20 19 22 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Firinci | 2020 | BT BT + BF BT + ES BT + BF + ES |
17 16 17 16 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Hargreav | 2021 | Placebo Acupuncture |
13 16 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Jacomo | 2020 | TTNS SNS |
25 25 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Martin-Garcia | 2019 | PTNS TTNS |
12 12 |
Daytime micturition frequency |
|
| ||||
| O'Reilly | 2008 | SNS Placebo |
33 30 |
Daytime micturition frequency |
|
| ||||
| Scaldazza | 2017 | PFMT + ES PTNS |
30 30 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Sonmez | 2022 | BT PTNS TTNS |
19 19 20 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Tezer | 2022 | BT BT + MStim |
36 35 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Yildiz | 2021 | BT BT + ES |
29 29 |
Daytime micturition frequency Nocturia frequency |
|
| ||||
| Zonić-Imamović | 2021 | TTNS PTNS |
30 30 |
Daytime micturition frequency nocturia frequency |
PTNS, percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation; PFMT, pelvic floor muscle training; TTNS, transcutaneous stimulation of the tibial nerve; ES, electrical stimulation; BT, bladder training; BF, biofeedback; SNS, sacral nerve stimulation; and MStim, magnetic stimulation.