TABLE 3.
Oral health problems according to the revised Oral assessment guide‐Jönköping (ROAG‐J), in which scores of 2 and 3 indicate oral health problems
| Total sample, N = 4,024 | Women, N = 2,578 | Men, N = 1,446 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Voice | |||
| 0 Not applicable | 149 (3.7) | 86 (3.3) | 63 (4.4) |
| 1 Normal | 3,213 (79.8) | 2,062 (80.0) | 1,151 (79.6) |
| 2 Dry, hoarse, cracking | 471 (11.7) | 304 (11.8) | 167 (11.5) |
| 3 Difficult to speak | 191 (4.7) | 126 (4.9) | 65 (4.5) |
| Lips | |||
| 1 smooth, light red, moist | 3,502 (87.0) | 2,208 (85.6) | 1,294 (89.5) |
| 2 Dry, cracked, sore corners of the mouth | 519 (12.9) | 368 (14.3) | 151 (10.4) |
| 3 Ulcerated, bleeding | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) |
| Mucous membrane | |||
| 1 Bright red, moist | 3,314 (82.4) | 2,118 (82.2) | 1,196 (82.7) |
| 2 Red, dry, or areas of discoloration, coating. | 673 (16.7) | 438 (17.0) | 235 (16.3) |
| 3 Wounds with or without bleeding, blisters | 37 (0.9) | 22 (0.9) | 15 (1.0) |
| Tongue | |||
| 1 Pink, moist with papillae | 3,364 (83.6) | 2,161 (83.8) | 1,203 (83.2) |
| 2 No papillae, red, dry, coating | 648 (16.1) | 405 (15.7) | 243 (16.8) |
| 3 Ulcers with or without bleeding, blistering | 12 (0.3) | 12 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) |
| Gums | |||
| 0 No gums, only mucosa | 188 (4.7) | 113 (4.4) | 75 (5.2) |
| 1 Light red and solid | 2,808 (69.8) | 1,773 (68.8) | 1,035 (71.6) |
| 2 Swollen and reddened | 894 (22.2) | 612 (23.7) | 282 (19.5) |
| 3 Spontaneous bleeding | 134 (3.3) | 80 (3.1) | 54 (3.7) |
| Teeth | |||
| 0 No natural teeth | 492 (12.2) | 305 (11.8) | 187 (12.9) |
| 1 Clean, no visible coating or food debris | 1,124 (27.9) | 768 (29.8) | 356 (24.6) |
| 2 Coating or food debris locally | 1,745 (43.4) | 1,120 (43.4) | 625 (43.2) |
| 3 Coating, food debris generally, broken teeth | 663 (16.5) | 385 (14.9) | 278 (19.2) |
| Dentures | |||
| 0 No prosthetics | 2,769 (68.8) | 1,750 (67.9) | 1,019 (70.5) |
| 1 Clean, functioning | 669 (16.6) | 464 (18.0) | 205 (14.2) |
| 2 Coating or food debris | 248 (6.2) | 157 (6.1) | 91 (6.3) |
| 3 Not used or malfunctioning | 338 (8.4) | 207 (8.0) | 131 (9.1) |
| Saliva | |||
| 1 Runs freely | 3,259 (81.0) | 2,065 (80.1) | 1,194 (82.6) |
| 2 Runs sluggishly | 731 (18.2) | 490 (19.0) | 241 (16.7) |
| 3 Does not run at all | 34 (0.8) | 23 (0.9) | 11 (0.8) |
| Swallowing related to pain and dry mouth | |||
| 0 Not applicable | 379 (9.4) | 234 (9.1) | 145 (10.0) |
| 1 Unimpeded swallowing | 2,609 (64.8) | 1,675 (65.0) | 934 (64.6) |
| 2 Minor swallowing problems | 745 (18.5) | 485 (18.8) | 260 (18.0) |
| 3 Pronounced swallowing problems | 291 (7.2) | 184 (7.1) | 107 (7.4) |