| Fixed-dose combinations decrease co-payments for type 2 diabetes patients compared to loose-dose combinations. |
| Fixed-dose combinations for type 2 diabetes do not lead to higher total healthcare spending compared to loose-dose combinations during the study period. |
| In the short term, fixed-dose combinations increase antidiabetic pharmaceutical spending, reflecting a shift in co-payments from the patient to the payer, as well as an increase in medication adherence. |
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