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. 2023 Jan 11;13:7. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-02296-z

Table 2.

Odds ratios for neuropsychiatric outcomes for children with an ND-GC with the Low Sleep Sx subgroup as the reference group.

High-Insomnia vs Low Sleep Sx High-Tiredness vs Low Sleep Sx
OR 95% CI p-value OR 95% CI p-value
Any Diagnosisa 3.3 2.1–5.4 p<0.001 3.8 2.0–7.8 p<0.001
ADHD 3.4 2.2–5.2 p<0.001 3.3 1.9–5.8 p<0.001
Any Anxiety Disorder 3.1 2.1–4.7 p<0.001 4.0 2.3–6.9 p<0.001
Autismb 2.9 1.8–4.7 p<0.001 1.7 0.9–3.0 0.089
DCDc 1.9 0.9–4.4 0.120 2.0 0.7–6.9 0.219
Depression 7.3 1.9–35.7 0.006 21.5 5.8–103.6 p<0.001
OCD 2.7 1.1–6.7 0.028 0.4 0.0–2.3 0.417
ODD 2.6 1.6–4.1 p<0.001 2.0 1.0–3.7 0.034
Psychotic Experiences 1.6 0.9–2.7 0.113 2.6 1.4–4.8 0.003
Tic disorder 2.9 1.7–5.0 p<0.001 1.2 0.4–2.8 0.721

p values derived from logistic regression models taking sex and age into account. p values in bold remained significant following BH-FDR correction for multiple testing.

aAny diagnosis as derived from the CAPA, does not include autism or DCD, as these are derived from other measures.

bAs derived from the SCQ.

cAs derived from the DCDQ.