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. 2023 Jan 11;6:26. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-04414-z

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Fig. 5 — Side views showing the comparison of State 2 half-up and down sub-states. a Intact F₁F_o complexes shown as tube cartoon. b The peripheral stalk (dimer of b subunits) bends counterclockwise and c the central stalk twists clockwise, facilitating a rotation of two c subunits in the F_o motor.