Table 1.
Demographic data, pre-operative histology, type of surgery, and clinical characteristics
| Group A (N = 65) | Group B (N = 31) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 52.1 ± 11.1 | 49.1 ± 10.6 | 0.210 |
| BMI1 (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 5.2 | 23.6 ± 3.6 | 0.177 |
| Pre-operative histology N (%) | |||
| DCIS | 9 (13.8) | 9 (29.0) | 0.004 |
| Invasive | |||
| NST | 35 (53.8) | 14 (45.2) | |
| Lobular | 7 (10.8) | 6 (19.4) | |
| Tubular | 0 (0.0) | 3 (9.7) | |
| Mixed | 3 (4.6) | 1 (3.2) | |
| Mutation BRCA 1 | 5 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Mutation BRCA 2 | 6 (9.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| ASA2 N (%) | |||
| 1 | 32 (49.2) | 16 (51.6) | 1.000 |
| 2 | 26 (40.0) | 12 (38.7) | |
| 3 | 6 (9.2) | 3 (9.7) | |
| Previous breast surgery | 5 (7.7) | 9 (29.0) | 0.011 |
| Previous neck/chest radiotherapy | 2 (3.1) | 3 (9.7) | 0.167 |
| Comorbidities N (%) | 34 (52.3) | 13 (41.9) | 0.387 |
| Hypertension | 15 (23.1) | 5 (16.1) | 0.593 |
| Diabetes | 1 (1.5) | 1 (3.2) | 0.544 |
| Asthma | 5 (7.7) | 1 (3.2) | 0.660 |
| Smoking | 10 (15.4) | 5 (16.2) | 1.000 |
| Alcohol | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Other types of cancer | 7 (10.8) | 3 (9.7) | 1.000 |
| Anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Corticosteroids/Immunosuppressive drugs | 3 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 0.549 |
| NAC | 3 (4.6) | 3 (9.7) | 0.384 |
Data shown as average ± standard deviation or as absolute frequency with percentage in brackets. *Student’s t test for independent samples for continuous values or χ2/Fisher’s exact test for ordinal/binomial variables. Group A one-stage reconstruction, Group B two-stage reconstruction. Bold emphasized values are statistically significant
NAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy
1Body mass index
2American Society of Anesthesiologists