Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, A1, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, and D2 represent surgeons from respectively center A, B, C, and D
| Surgeon | Total | A1 | B1 | B2 | C1 | C2 | D1 | D2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 533 | 61 | 119 | 99 | 142 | 53 | 30 | 27 | |||
| Age (median (IQR)) | 67 [59, 74] | 65 [58, 72] | 69 [59, 75] | 68 [61, 74] | 69 [61, 75] | 67 [58, 73] | 64 [59, 70] | 69 [61, 73] | 0.40 | |
| BMI (median (IQR)) | 25 [23, 28] | 25 [22, 28] | 26 [23, 29] | 25 [24, 28] | 25 [24, 28] | 25 [22, 27] | 26 [23, 30] | 26 [23, 29] | 0.76 | |
| Sex (n, %) | Female | 333 (62.7) | 36 (59.0) | 78 (65.5) | 60 (60.6) | 90 (63.4) | 35 (66.0) | 16 (53.3) | 18 (66.7) | 0.86 |
| Male | 198 (37.3) | 25 (41.0) | 41 (34.5) | 39 (39.4) | 52 (36.6) | 18 (34.0) | 14 (46.7) | 9 (33.3) | ||
| ASA (n, %) | 1 | 89 (16.8) | 10 (16.4) | 16 (13.4) | 20 (20.2) | 26 (18.3) | 14 (26.4) | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.06 |
| 2 | 334 (62.9) | 39 (63.9) | 70 (58.8) | 62 (62.6) | 94 (66.2) | 32 (60.4) | 19 (63.3) | 18 (66.7) | ||
| 3 | 108 (20.3) | 12 (19.7) | 33 (27.7) | 17 (17.2) | 22 (15.5) | 7 (13.2) | 8 (26.7) | 9 (33.3) | ||
| 4 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| History of abdominal surgery (n, %) | 160 (30.1) | 25 (41.0) | 22 (18.5) | 29 (29.3) | 48 (33.8) | 15 (28.3) | 13 (43.3) | 8 (29.6) | 0.02 | |
| History of pelvic surgery (n, %) | 48 (9.0) | 9 (14.8) | 9 (7.6) | 10 (10.1) | 13 (9.2) | 1 (1.9) | 4 (13.3) | 2 (7.4) | 0.33 | |
| Distance tumor on MRI (median (IQR)) | 5 [3, 8] | 4.00 [2, 7] | 5 [3, 8] | 5 [3, 8] | 6 [3, 9] | 6 [4, 8] | 4 [2, 7] | 4 [2, 7] | 0.13 | |
| MRF involvement (%) | Yes | 160 (30.1) | 11 (18.0) | 31 (26.1) | 9 (9.1) | 69 (48.6) | 18 (34.0) | 14 (46.7) | 8 (29.6) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 37 (7.0) | 2 (3.3) | 14 (11.8) | 12 (12.1) | 6 (4.2) | 3 (5.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Low rectal tumor (n, %) | Yes | 297 (55.9) | 37 (60.7) | 77 (64.7) | 59 (59.6) | 59 (41.5) | 29 (54.7) | 18 (60.0) | 18 (66.7) | 0.005 |
| Missing | 25 (4.7) | 7 (11.5) | 4 (3.4) | 4 (4.0) | 8 (5.6) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| cT (n, %) | 1 | 14 (2.6) | 6 (9.8) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (3.0) | 3 (2.1) | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
| 2 | 144 (27.1) | 20 (32.8) | 40 (33.6) | 47 (47.5) | 17 (12.0) | 8 (15.1) | 4 (13.3) | 8 (29.6) | ||
| 3 | 290 (54.6) | 33 (54.1) | 63 (52.9) | 43 (43.4) | 84 (59.2) | 32 (60.4) | 18 (60.0) | 17 (63.0) | ||
| 4 | 71 (13.4) | 2 (3.3) | 11 (9.2) | 1 (1.0) | 36 (25.4) | 11 (20.8) | 8 (26.7) | 2 (7.4) | ||
| Missing | 12 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.4) | 5 (5.1) | 2 (1.4) | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| cN (n, %) | 0 | 217 (40.9) | 34 (55.7) | 48 (40.3) | 49 (49.5) | 52 (36.6) | 14 (26.4) | 8 (26.7) | 12 (44.4) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 167 (31.5) | 20 (32.8) | 40 (33.6) | 31 (31.3) | 45 (31.7) | 22 (41.5) | 6 (20.0) | 3 (11.1) | ||
| 2 | 137 (25.8) | 7 (11.5) | 26 (21.8) | 16 (16.2) | 43 (30.3) | 17 (32.1) | 16 (53.3) | 12 (44.4) | ||
| Missing | 10 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (4.2) | 3 (3.0) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| cM (n, %) | 0 | 484 (91.1) | 52 (85.2) | 112 (94.1) | 97 (98.0) | 126 (88.7) | 52 (98.1) | 23 (76.7) | 22 (81.5) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 33 (6.2) | 8 (13.1) | 7 (5.9) | 2 (2.0) | 6 (4.2) | 1 (1.9) | 5 (16.7) | 4 (14.8) | ||
| Missing | 14 (2.6) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.7) | ||
| Neo-adjuvant therapy (n, %) | None | 155 (29.2) | 30 (49.2) | 32 (26.9) | 41 (41.4) | 26 (18.3) | 10 (18.9) | 7 (23.3) | 9 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Radiotherapy | 194 (36.5) | 19 (31.1) | 58 (48.7) | 35 (35.4) | 51 (35.9) | 17 (32.1) | 7 (23.3) | 7 (25.9) | ||
| Chemoradiation | 182 (34.3) | 12 (19.7) | 29 (24.4) | 23 (23.2) | 65 (45.8) | 26 (49.1) | 16 (53.3) | 11 (40.7) |
IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologist Classification, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, MRF mesorectal fascia, cT clinical tumor stage, cN clinical nodal stage, cM clinical metastasis stage, APR abdominoperineal resection, LAR low anterior resection