Table 1.

A summary of the study characteristics included in the systematic review

Summary	Characteristic	No. of studies N = 73 (%)
Country context*	High income
	Australia [52, 57, 63–65, 67, 68, 70, 87, 92–94, 99, 103, 108]	15	(19%)
	Canada [96, 100]	2	(3%)
	Chile [44, 59, 61, 82, 85]	5	(6%)
	Finland [60]	1	(1%)
	Germany [49, 50, 62, 89, 90, 108, 110]	7	(9%)
	Ireland [71, 108]	2	(3%)
	Japan [97, 108]	2	(3%)
	Netherlands [86, 105]	2	(3%)
	New Zealand [55, 73, 79]	3	(4%)
	Norway [109]	1	(1%)
	Spain [108]	1	(1%)
	Sweden [48, 106, 107]	3	(4%)
	UK [40, 54, 58, 84, 95, 102, 104, 108, 111–113]	12	(15%)
	USA [41, 43, 45–47, 53, 69, 74, 76, 88, 91, 98, 101, 102, 108, 123, 124]	17	(21%)
	Subtotal	72	(90%)
	Upper-middle income
	Brazil [42]	1	(1%)
	Iran [72]	1	(1%)
	Peru [80]	1	(1%)
	South Africa [75, 78]	2	(3%
	Thailand [81]	1	(1%)
	Subtotal	6	(8%)
	Low-middle income
	Sri Lanka [108]	1	(1%)
	Low income
	Nepal [83]	1	(1%)
Target oral disease	Dental caries [40–50, 52, 54, 55, 57–65, 67–69, 71–91, 93–101, 103–107, 111, 112, 123, 124]	65	(88%)
	Periodontitis [53, 92, 102, 108–110, 113]	7	(11%)
	Caries and periodontitis [70]	1	(1%)
Target population	Adults [50, 53, 58, 64, 88, 92, 102, 108–110]	10	(14%)
	Children^ [40–49, 52, 54, 57, 59–62, 67–69, 71, 74, 80–85, 90, 91, 93–101, 103–107, 112, 123, 124]	47	(64%)
	Adults + children^ [55, 63, 65, 70, 72, 73, 75–79, 86, 87, 89, 111, 113]	16	(22%)
Economic evaluation study type	Model-based [41, 43–47, 49, 50, 52–55, 57, 59, 61–63, 67–91, 93, 95, 96, 98–101, 103, 105, 108–111, 123, 124]	57	(78%)
	Trial-based [48, 58, 60, 92, 94, 97, 102, 104, 106, 107, 112, 113]	12	(16%)
	Model + trial [40, 42, 64, 65]	4	(5%)
Data source	Primary [40, 42, 48, 58, 60, 63, 64, 92, 94, 97, 102, 104–107, 112, 113]	17	(23%)
	Secondary [41, 43–47, 49, 50, 52–55, 57, 59, 61, 62, 65, 67–91, 93, 95, 96, 98–101, 103, 108–111, 123, 124]	58	(77%)

N total number of studies

*One study reported economic evaluations for eight different country contexts [108]

^Children were defined as < 18 years old