Figure 4.

Effect of sweet potato PAP on PA FLA-induced NF-κB activation in A549 cells. A549 cells were initially seeded onto 96-well plates at a density of 1.5×10⁴ cells per well and cultured to 80% confluency at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ incubator. Various concentrations of FLA (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1,000 ng/mL) were treated with 1 μL of sweet potato PAP (11.6 μg) for 6 h. Then, enzyme-treated FLA and intact FLA at each concentration were applied to the cells for 12 h. The level of NF-κB was assayed at OD 450 nm using NF-κB p65 (Total) InstantOne ELISA Kit. The data were expressed as the mean and standard errors from three experiments. PAP, purple acid phosphatase; PA FLA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa- light-chain-enhancer of activated B; OD, optical density; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ^a,b Means lacking common letters differ significantly (p<0.05).