Table 3.

Presence of Unmet Healthcare Needs According to Characteristics of Participants.

Characteristics	Categories	Unmet healthcare needs				Fc or t (P)
		No		Yes
		na	%b	na	%b
Predisposing factors
Gender	Men	1630	93.5	115	6.5	5.26 (.022)
	Women	1632	90.9	147	9.1
Age	20-39	893	92.7	73	7.3	0.17 (.890)
	40-59	1495	92.1	117	7.9
	60-79	712	92.7	52	7.3
	≥80	162	91.4	20	8.6
Marital status	Married	2630	92.7	188	7.3	5.74 (<.001)
	Bereavement	390	89.6	47	10.4
	Divorce	83	84.1	16	15.9
	Single	159	95.5	11	4.5
Education leveld	≤Elementary	691	91.1	65	8.9	1.42 (.235)
	Middle school	508	90.4	50	9.6
	High school	1261	93.2	85	6.8
	≥College	798	92.6	62	7.4
Number of families member	Alone	204	86.9	26	13.1	6.68 (.002)
	2-3	2421	92.5	187	7.5
	≥4	637	93.8	49	6.2
Enabling factors
Region	Rural	1,857	92.4	154	7.6	0.01 (.939)
	Urban	1405	92.3	108	7.7
Monthly income (quintiles)	1Q-2Q	1448	91.1	129	8.9	6.30 (.012)
	3Q-4Q	1814	93.3	133	6.7
Employment	Yes	2328	92.0	188	8.0	0.84 (.358)
	No	934	93.2	74	6.8
NPSRd	Yes	117	79.0	22	21.0	43.03 (<.001)
	No	3143	92.9	239	7.1
Need factors
HTNd	Yes	684	93.7	47	6.3	1.58 (.209)
	No	2573	92.1	215	7.9
DMd	Yes	331	93.2	17	6.8	0.25 (.620)
	No	2927	92.3	245	7.7
Depressiond	Yes	211	85.3	36	14.7	13.20 (<.001)
	No	3049	93.0	226	7.0
Stressd	Yes	707	85.1	115	14.9	96.13 (<.001)
	No	2553	95.1	146	4.9
Perceived health statusd	Poor	1161	95.1	57	4.9	21.40 (<.001)
	Moderate	1513	92.5	130	7.5
	Good	587	84.9	75	15.1

NPSR = National primary livelihood security receiver; DM = diabetes mellitus; HTN = hypertension.

^aUnweighted count (frequency).

^bWeighted %.

^cRao-Scott composite sample chi-square tests.

^dMissing values are excluded.